Physical Science Chapter 15 Solubility

Solution: A homogeneous mixture, in which the particles are evenly distributed throughout.

Solute: The substance being dissolved. Example: Salt (in water)

Solvent: The substance dissolving the solute. Example: Water (dissolving the salt)

Solubility: The amount of a substance that will dissolve in a solvent.

Factors which affect solubility: ????

 Temperature  Pressure

Factors that speed up the rate of dissolving of a solute 1. Increase Temp. 2. Increase Surface Area 3. Increase Pressure 4. Stir or shake

Increasing the temperature of a solvent speeds up the movement of its particles. Now more solvent particles bump into solute, causing it to break up faster.

Increasing the surface area (powdering a crystal), allows more solute to come in contact with the solvent.

Increasing the pressure on a solution can help to keep gases dissolved in a solvent.

Limits of solubility:  Solubility is often dependent on temperature

Saturated solution : A solution that has dissolved all the solute it can hold at a given temperature.

Unsaturated solution: Any solution that can hold more solute at a given temperature.

Supersaturated solution:  Contains more solute than a saturated solution can hold at that temperature. (unstable)

What is a dilute solution? A solution that is able to dissolve more solute. (Unsaturated)

concentrated:  Contains a large amount of solute  Opposite of dilute

Ionization: Water pulling apart the molecules of a polar substance. (HCl)