Biochemistry 2-3 CARBON COMPOUNDS. Chemistry of carbon  4 valence electrons  (highly bondable!)  Carbon can bond with carbon and form long chains 

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Presentation transcript:

Biochemistry 2-3 CARBON COMPOUNDS

Chemistry of carbon  4 valence electrons  (highly bondable!)  Carbon can bond with carbon and form long chains  Many variations of carbon bonding  Versatile

Macromolecules “giant molecules”  4 major macromolecules  Lipids  Proteins  Carbohydrates  Nucleic Acids  Monomer- smaller macromolecule units  Polymer- joined monomer units

Nucleic Acids (DNA/RNA)  Contain H, O, N, C and P  Polymers made up of nucleotides (monomers) Carbon sugar Phosphate group Nitrogenous base Heredity!

Carbohydrates  Energy!  Monosaccharides- single sugar molecules (glucose, fructose)  Polysaccharides - complex sugar molecules  Ose= sugar

Lipids (fats, oils, waxes)  Not water soluble  Difficult to breakdown.   Store energy for later use  Carbon, Hydrogen atoms  Saturated fats- C atoms are all joined with the maximum H atoms.  Unsaturated fats= contain double bond of C  Polynunsaturated fats- more than one double bond of C

Proteins  Amino acids make up proteins  Diverse macromolecules (many combinations)  Many specific functions

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