INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Politique énergétique européenne: promouvoir d’énergie pauvres en émission de CO 2 Pieter Boot, Director Long-Term Co-operation and Policy Analysis International Energy Agency © OECD/IEA, © OECD/IEA, 2008 “Journées d'Études du Groupe du PPE-DE au Parlement Européen” 2-4 Juillet 2008 – Paris, France

© OECD/IEA Reference Scenario: World Primary Energy Demand Global demand grows by more than half over the next quarter of a century, with coal use rising most in absolute terms Global CO 2 emissions increase by 57% between 2005 and 2030.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE A New Energy Revolution…. Cutting Energy Related CO 2 emissions Improved efficiency and decarbonising the power sector could bring emissions back to current levels by To achieve a 50% cut we would also have to revolutionise the transport sector. A New Energy Revolution… Cutting Energy Related CO 2 emissions

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Changes in TFC/GDP Decomposed into Changes in Energy Services/GDP and Intensity Effect, % of the total decline in energy use per GDP in the IEA16 can be attributed to reductions from the energy intensity effect.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE The IEA‘s 25 Energy Efficiency recommendations to the G8 offer huge CO 2 savings potential Global implementation of recommendations could save around 8.2 GtCO 2 /yr by Equivalent to 20% of global reference scenario energy related CO 2 emissions in WEO 2007 Projection

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Energy Indicators - Tracking Trends & Identifying Potentials: The Example of Iron & Steel Adoption of best practice technologies in industry could save 1.9 – 3.2 Gt of CO 2 per year. The global technical potential in the iron and steel sector is 360 Mt of CO 2 per year, with the largest savings from blast furnace improvements

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Average Annual Power Generation Capacity Additions in the “50% Cut Scenario”, 2010 – 2050

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Technology Roadmaps: The example of CCS

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Share of public budgets for energy R&D in total R&D significantly fell over the last two decades. Private-sector R&D is increasingly focused on projects with short-term payoffs Source: IEA Databases Public Sector Energy R&D in IEA Countries

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE ConclusionsConclusions Global energy system is on an increasingly unsustainable path  urgent challenge in the energy sector A portfolio of clean & efficient technologies can trigger a more sustainable energy future  critical: energy efficiency, power sector measures; transport and industry  key: price signal to internalize costs of CO 2 Significant change in policies needed: targeted policy interventions, closer international collaboration and investments  roadmaps can provide a focus for this  next 10 years are critical