Classifying, Writing, and Balancing Equations. There are certain molecules that are made up of two atoms. They are never alone in nature. They are called.

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Presentation transcript:

Classifying, Writing, and Balancing Equations

There are certain molecules that are made up of two atoms. They are never alone in nature. They are called diatomic molecules!

These diatomic molecules are: H 2, O 2, N 2, F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, I 2

A. Synthesis Reactions

Direct union of two elements will produce a binary compound.

element + element  compound Synthesis Reaction General Formula

Example 1: a. Classify the following equation. Na + Cl 2  NaCl element compound 22 b. Balance the equation. Classification: synthesis reaction

Example 2: Aluminum + Chlorine Al+Cl 2  AlCl 3 322

B. Decomposition Reactions

Decomposition reactions are the reverse of synthesis reactions. *A binary compound will decompose into two elements.

compound  element + element Decomposition Reaction General Formula

Example 1: a. Classify the following equation. Nb 2 O 5  Nb + O 2 compoundelement 42 b. Balance the equation. Classification: decomposition reaction 5

Example 2: Sodium nitride is heated. Na 3 N  Na+N2N2 62

C. Single Displacement Reactions

During single displacement reactions, one element replaces another element in a compound. *Cations only replace cations and anions only replace anions.

element + compound  element + compound Single Displacement Reaction General Formula

Example 1: a. Classify the following equation. Br 2 + NaI  NaBr + I 2 compound element 2 b. Balance the equation. Classification: single displacement reaction 2 element

Example 2: Aluminum is added to hydrochloric acid. Al  AlCl 3 + H2H2 +HCl

Example 2: Aluminum is added to hydrochloric acid. Al  AlCl 3 + H2H HCl6 3

D. Double Displacement Reactions

During double displacement reactions, the cation of one compound replaces the cation in another compound.

compound + compound  compound + compound Double Displacement Reaction General Formula

Example 1: a. Classify the following equation. CaBr 2 + Na 3 PO 4  Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + NaBr compound 3 b. Balance the equation. Classification: double displacement reaction 2 compound 6

Example 2: Aluminum nitrate is added to barium oxalate. Al(NO 3 ) 3  Al 2 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 + Ba(NO 3 ) 2 + BaC 2 O 4

Example 2: Aluminum nitrate is added to barium oxalate. Al(NO 3 ) 3  Al 2 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 +Ba(NO 3 ) 2 2 +BaC 2 O 4 3 3

E. Combustion Reactions

A combustion reaction is the reaction of a hydrocarbon and oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and water.

compound + element  compound + compound Combustion Reaction General Formula hydrocarbon + oxygen  CO 2 + H 2 O

Example 1: a. Classify the following equation. C 3 H 8 + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O elementcompound 3 b. Balance the equation. Classification: combustion reaction 5 compound 4

Example 2: Ethane (C 2 H 6 ) is burned. C2H6C2H6  CO 2 +H2OH2O 2 +O2O2 7 64