Meiosis Cell Division Set up Cornell. A. What is Meiosis? All organisms that reproduce sexually undergo meiosis. Meiosis is cell division of sex cells.

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Presentation transcript:

Meiosis Cell Division Set up Cornell

A. What is Meiosis? All organisms that reproduce sexually undergo meiosis. Meiosis is cell division of sex cells to produce gametes. ex. Sperm and egg cells Two divisions (Meiosis I and II) Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by half. Four daughter cells are genetically different Mitosis: An Interactive Animation

B. Ploidy is the number of chromosomes in a cell. N= haploid = one set of chromosomes 2N = diploid = two sets of chromosomes 8N= octoploid = 8 sets

C. Diploid vs Haploid Haploid cells only have one set of chromosomes N = 23 Human egg and sperm cells have 23. Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes. 2N = 23 Human liver cells have 46. Chromosome number

D. Homologous Chromosomes are a pair of chromosomes, one maternal and one paternal. Similar in size and shape Correspond to the same genes/traits height Eye color dimples

A Tetrad is …. A Pair of homologous chromosomes Formed during Interphase I Four chromatids all together!! Tetrad

E. Where does Meiosis happen? Spermatogenesis (in the testicles of males) and Oogenesis (in the ovary of females). Diploid Spermatogonia (pre-sperm cell) and Oogongia (pre-egg cell) divide and reduce by half, producing Haploid sperm and egg cells.

Diploid 2N Haploid 1N Spermatogenesis 2N 1N

Meiosis I Meiosis II 2N N N

F. How are the four daughter cells genetically different from the parent cell ? This is due to Crossing Over Synapse during Prophase I

Mitosis vs Meiosis MitosisMeiosis Results in2 Diploid Cells (2N) 4 Haploid Cells (N) Cells areGenetically Identical Genetically Different Occurs inSomatic (Body) Cells Sex Cells

. How many phases in meiosis? 2 divisions Meiosis I has Interphase I, prophaseI, metaphase I, anaphase I, and Telophase I and cytokinisis. Meiosis II, has I II, P II, M II, A II, T II and cytokinisis.

Summary Where does meiosis happen? If an elephant has 50 chromosomes in his skin cell, how may are in his sperm cell. Describe spermatogenesis What do the term diploid and haploid mean? Why are the daughter cells genetically different from the parent and from each other?