Ch 1.6 Commutative & Associative Properties

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Presentation transcript:

Ch 1.6 Commutative & Associative Properties Objective: To understand the difference between the Commutative and Associative Properties

Definitions a + b = b + a 3 + 5 = 5 + 3 4  7 = 7  4 Commute (travel) Commutative Property of Addition a + b = b + a a “travels” to the other side of b 3 + 5 = 5 + 3 Example: Commutative Property of Multiplication a “travels” to the other side of b 4  7 = 7  4 Example:

Are the following operations commutative? 1) Subtraction Counterexamples a - b = b - a 2 - 0 = 0 - 2 2 = -2 Therefore, subtraction is not commutative. 2) Division Therefore, division is not commutative. Counterexample - a single example that proves a statement false.

Examples 2) 8 + 7 = 7 + 8 1) 3 + 1 = 1 + 3 4) 4  9 = 9  4 3) 2  7 = Apply the commutative property 2) 8 + 7 = 7 + 8 1) 3 + 1 = 1 + 3 4) 4  9 = 9  4 3) 2  7 = 7  2 5) 5 + (2  6) = (2  6) + 5 6) (3 + 4)  7 = 7  (3 + 4)

Classwork 7 + 4 = 5 + 6 = 3  8 = 9  2 = (1 + 4)  6 = (2 + 6)  3 = Apply the commutative property 1) 7 + 4 = 2) 5 + 6 = 3) 3  8 = 4) 9  2 = 5) (1 + 4)  6 = 6) (2 + 6)  3 = 1 + (5  7) = 7) 8 + (7  4) = 8) 9) 5  (4 + 6) = 10) (2  2) + 3 =

Definitions ( a + b ) + c = a + ( b + c ) (4 + 11) + 6 = 4 + (11 + 6) Associate (partner) Associative Property of Addition Parenthesis change “partners” – only the parenthesis move ( a + b ) + c = a + ( b + c ) (4 + 11) + 6 = 4 + (11 + 6) Example: Associative Property of Multiplication Parenthesis change “partners” – only the parenthesis move Example:

Are the following operations associative? 1) Subtraction (a - b) - c = a - (b - c) (10 - 5) - 2 = 10 - (5 - 2) Therefore, subtraction is not associative. 5 - 2 = 10 - 3 3 = 7 2) Division Therefore, division is not associative.

Examples 1) 5 + (5 + 7) = ( ) 5 + 5 + 7 6  4  5 ( ) 2) (6  4)  5 = Apply the associative property 1) 5 + (5 + 7) = ( ) 5 + 5 + 7 6  4  5 ( ) 2) (6  4)  5 = 3) (9 + 2) + 8 = 9 + 2 + 8 ( ) 4) 5  (2  9) = ( ) 5  2  9

Classwork (3 + 4) + 1 = (9 + 4) + 6 = (3  4)  5 = (9  2)  10 = Apply the associative property 1) (3 + 4) + 1 = 2) (9 + 4) + 6 = 3) (3  4)  5 = 4) (9  2)  10 = 5) 4 + (1 + 6) = 6) 3 + (2 + 6) = 2  (5  7) = 7) 8  (7  4) = 8) 9) 4 + (6 + 5) = 10) (3  2)  2 =

Commutative vs. Associative ( Flip-flop ) Associative ( Re-group ) Flip-flop Re-grouping