ENERGY and ENERGY RESOURCES SPI 0607.10.1 Distinguish among gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, and chemical potential energy.

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Presentation transcript:

ENERGY and ENERGY RESOURCES SPI Distinguish among gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, and chemical potential energy.

What is energy? (Flap 1) Energeia is the Greek word for energy, meaning in or at work.  Energy is the capacity to do work and change matter.  Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but can change from one form into another.  Work is a change in the position, speed, state, or form of matter.

KINETIC ENERGY (flap 2) Energy an object has due to its motion. Depends on mass and speed Increase as the mass of an object increases. Decreases as the mass of an object decreases

POTENTIAL ENERGY—(flap 3) Energy that is stored due to an item’s position To be used, potential energy must be converted into one of the forms of kinetic energy.

Potential Energy (flap 3) Any object near Earth’s surface has stored potential energy called gravitational potential energy.

Gravitational Potential Energy (flap 4) Any object near Earth’s surface As height increases so does its gravitational energy. As the object’s mass increases, so does its gravitational energy.

TYPES OF POTENTIAL ENERGY Gravitational potential energy  is the energy stored in an object as the result of its vertical position or height.  The energy is stored as the result of the gravitational attraction of the Earth for the object.  The gravitational potential energy of the massive ball of a demolition machine is dependent on two variables - the mass of the ball and the height to which it is raised.

Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed. However, it can be changed from one form into another. Changing energy back and forth from one form or state to another is how we control it for our use.

Gravitational potential energy depends on the mass and the height of the object. Pendulum

Elastic Potential Energy Energy stored in objects by tension.  Compressed springs  Stretched rubber bands

CHEMICAL ENERGY Stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules.  Batteries  Natural gas Chemical energy is converted (changed) to thermal energy (produce heat) when burn wood in fireplace or burn gasoline in a car’s engine.

NUCLEAR ENERGY Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom—VERY STRONG  Nuclear power plants split the nuclei of uranium atoms in a process called fission. SPLIT APART= FISSION  The sun combines the nuclei of hydrogen atoms in a process of fusion COMBINING= FUSION

Kinetic energy Kinetic energy is the motion of a swing illustrates the transformation HOMEWORK:between potential and kine the motion of a swing illustrates the transformation between potential and kinetic energy tic energy