Immigration & Urbanization Created by Mr. Johnson
Objective 5.01 – Evaluate the influence of immigration and rapid industrialization on urban life.
Elevator Electric Trolleys Telephone Alexander Graham Bell Phonograph Thomas Edison Typewriter Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives Jane Addams Settlement Houses Hull House Culture Shock Ellis Island Angel Island Dumbbell Tenements Chinese Exclusion Act Sweatshops Amusement Parks Spectator Sports New Immigration Old Immigration Frederick Law Olmstead Melting Pot Salad Bowl Cultural Pluralism Nativism Key Terms
Rising Tide of Immigration
Immigration & Urbanization
Old Immigration
New Immigration
Why They Came Job Opportunities Homestead Act Anti-Semitism
The Journey Ocean Liners Traveling in Steerage Into the Unknown
ARRIVAL Physical Exams Quarantine Name Changes Culture Shock Video – Edison Motion PicturesEdison Motion Pictures
Medical Exams & Quarantine
Ellis Island, NY
Statue of Liberty, 1886
Torch –Light & hope Seven Spires –“Seven Seas” Stone Tablet –July IV MDCCLXXVI “The New Colossus” Statue of Liberty
The New Colossus Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. "Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" —Emma Lazarus, 1883
Angel Island, San Francisco
Nativism
“Know-Nothings” American Party
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) –Restricted immigration from China National Origin Quotas Gentlemen’s Agreement – U.S./Japan (1907) –U.S. agrees to allow Japanese immigrants into U.S. public schools –Japan promises to restrict immigration Webb Alien Land Law (1913) –California law –Prohibits aliens from owning land Nativist Laws
Thomas Nast: Catholic INvasion
Thomas Nast: Irish Mob Rule
Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882
Immigration Today
New Ethnic Neighborhoods
Theories of Culture Melting Pot Assimilation Salad Bowl Pluralism
Chinatown San Francisco Los Angeles New York City
Hester Street
St. Patrick’s Cathedral
“Little Italy”
The Lives of Immigrants
Tenements One or more families living in a small apartment Poor sanitation & ventilation
Tenements
Tenements
Dumbbell Tenement
Immigrant Families
Sweatshops Urban factories with poor wages & working conditions
Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives (1890) Described the working and living conditions of immigrants First “muckraker”
Jane Addams Settlement houses –Educated, trained Americans –Living in poor immigrant communities –Art, education, economic development Hull House, Chicago
Hull House
Horatio Alger Dime Novels The American Dream –Honesty & hard work –“Rags to riches” stories
Labor Stirrings “Eight hours for work, Eight hours for rest, Eight hours for what we will.”
Sport, Leisure & Consumerism
Public Parks –Central Park, NY –Prospect Park, NY –Niagara Reservation Frederick Law Olmstead
Central Park, NY
Central Park Today
The National Pastime
Boxing & College Football
Country Clubs
Bicycles
Coney Island, NY
Department Stores
Mail Order Catalogs
Immigration Push & pull factors Ellis & Angel Island Ethnic neighborhoods “Melting Pot” vs. “Salad Bowl” Backlash against immigration Urbanization Population explosion Growth in city size New opportunities for both men & women Tenement slums Mass transit Skyscrapers Main Ideas