Unit 12 Review – World War II

Between the Wars (1919-1939) Name the achievements of each man: Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, Pablo Picasso Which nation? Richest nation after WWI, made lots of consumer goods in the 1920s, but Great Depression in 1930s Which nation? Humiliated after WWI, severely punished in Versailles Treaty Which nation? Destroyed by WWI, quit the war early, became the first communist nation during WWI

Answers Sigmund Freud  psychology Albert Einstein  Physics, atomic ideas Pablo Picasso  abstract art, cubism United States Germany Soviet Union (Russia)

Rise of Dictators A type of gov’t ruled by a dictator who controls all aspects of society, limits personal freedoms, promotes nationalism, & uses secret police A political system in which the gov’t controls all land, factories, farms in order to create an equal society A political system in which gov’t is controlled by a dictator, leaders promote extreme nationalism, but people can keep property & businesses

Rise of Dictators Totalitarian government Communism Fascism

Dictators Name the dictator: Ruled the Soviet Union, created Five Year Plans, used Great Purge to eliminate rivals Name the dictator: Led the Nazis, wrote Mein Kampf, was chancellor of Germany Name the dictator: created Fascist Party, formed Blackshirts, led march on Rome Name the dictator: Was military dictator of Japan, aggressively expanded in Asia

Dictators Joseph Stalin Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo

Causes of World War II Name 1 example of each nation’s aggressive expansion before WWII: Japan, Italy, Germany What policy did Britain and France use against Germany to avoid another war? Why was the Munich Conference in 1939 important? Which two nations signed a nonaggression pact in 1939? What event started World War II? Civil rights activists who rode buses through the South in the early 1960s to challenge segregation.

Causes of World War II Japan  Manchuria (1931), China (1937) Italy  Ethiopia (1935), Albania (1939) Germany  Austria (1938), Sudetenland (1939), Czechoslovakia (1939), Poland (1939) Appeasement Hitler promised to never again invade in Europe if he could keep the Sudetenland but then took Czechoslovakia Germany and the Soviet Union German invasion of Poland in Sept 1939

World War II: 1939-1942 German military strategy of using air force and tanks that allowed the Nazis to quickly conquer most of Europe Japanese military strategy of using suicide pilots to attack American ships What event brought the USA into WWII? The prime minister who vowed to “never surrender” during the Battle of Britain

World War II: 1939-1942 Blitzkrieg Kamikaze Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor Winston Churchill

Turning Points of World War II Which battle allowed the Allies to protect the Suez Canal, Middle East oil, & remove the Axis Powers from Africa? In which battle did the Soviet army defeated Germany and began pushing towards Germany from the East? In which battle did the USA defeat Japan and begin winning control of the Pacific? What strategy did the Allies use to retake control of the Pacific? Which battle allowed the Allies to open a western front by invading France?

Turning Points of World War II Battle of El Alamein Battle of Stalingrad Battle of Midway Island hopping D-Day (Operation Overlord; Normandy Invasion)

Holocaust Name 2 topics Hitler discussed in his book Mein Kampf How did the Nuremburg Laws of 1935 impact German Jews? What was the name of the attack on Jewish synagogues & businesses in 1938? What did Hitler and the Nazis called their plan to eliminate non-Aryans, especially European Jews? What does the term “genocide” mean?

Holocaust Revenge for humiliation caused by Versailles Treaty, Aryans are superior race, need to eliminate non-Aryans, desire for “lebensraum” for Aryans Took away citizenship, outlawed marriages between Jews & Aryans, required Jews to wear the yellow star Kristallnacht Final Solution Mass killing of a group of people

Conferences: Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam Which nations made up the “big three”? In which conference in 1943 did the Allies agree to open a western front by invading Nazi-occupied France? In which conference in July 1945 did the USA learn that the atomic bomb was ready and then warned Japan to surrender? In which conference in Feb 1945 did the Allies agree to form a United Nations, occupy Germany, allow self-determination in Europe?

Conferences: Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam United States, Britain, Soviet Union Tehran Conference Potsdam Conference Yalta Conference

End of World War II What was the name for the secret project to build an atomic bomb in the U.S.? What event ended World War II? Which two nations were considered “superpowers” when WWII ended? What is “decolonization”? What nation was created after WWII? What new international organization was formed to keep peace after WWII?

End of World War II Manhattan Project Surrender of Japan after the nuclear attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki United States and the Soviet Union Independence of nations that were once colonized by imperialists Israel United Nations