The Colonial Period Overview Questions and Answers 1. Up until 1680 most of the settlers who came to the new world were from what country? ____England____ 2. List 3 reasons that many people left continental Europe and came to the New World. Escape the path of war (over religion), avoid poverty, and absentee landlordism

3. What was the population of the New World by 1690? ¼ of a million__ 4. What was the population by 1775? _2.5 million______ 5. Why was it difficult to farm in New England? Thin, stony soil, relatively little level land, and long winters

6. List 4 other ways that the people of New England made money. Grain mills and sawmills, shipbuilding, trade, and the cod industry

7. Where did the people of New England live and why did they live there? In villages and towns around the harbors because may New Englanders carried on some kind of trade or business

8. What was being built in the Massachusetts Bay Colony? vessels (ships) Why was this important? This laid the foundation for a trade that was to grow rapidly

9. What was the triangular trade? merchants and shippers would purchase slaves off of the coast of Africa for New England rum, then sell slaves in the West Indies where they would buy molasses to bring home for sale to the local rum producers.

Why was it considered “unsavory”? it was considered unsavory because it was morally wrong to purchase/own another person

11. The people in the Middle Colonies were more _________ than in New England. tolerant 12. Who guided Pennsylvania and was the reason it ran smoothly and grew rapidly? William Penn

13. What was Philadelphia? it was the heart of Pennsylvania 14. What made it one of the most thriving cities in the colonies? Their talent for successful business enterprise

15. Who were the best farmers? Germans 16. What cottage industries were important in the Middle Colonies? weaving, shoemaking, cabinetmaking and other crafts

17. Who moved into the Middle Colonies in the early 18 th century? Scots-Irish 18. Describe the Scots-Irish. Tell about them, where they settled and how they survived they settled in the back country of Pennsylvania and survived by hunting and subsistence farming

19. What colony was a great example of the many different nationalities that moved to the New World? New York List the other nationalities that settled along the Hudson River. Dutch, French, Danes, Norwegians, Swedes, English, Scots, Irish, Germans, Poles, Bohemians, Portuguese, and Italians

20. What city in New York became busy with all kinds of people and businesses? Manhattan 21. How did the Southern Colonies make their money? lumber, tar, resin (from the long leaf pine tree), rice, indigo, maize, and wheat

22. Describe the farmers of the Tidewater region. they were supported by slave labor, held most of the political power and the best land, built great houses, adopted an aristocratic (power in the hands of a few) way of life

23. __________________________ became the leading port and trading center in the South. Charleston, South Carolina 24. What did the settlers there learn to do? to combine agriculture and commerce

25. Which colony only grew one crop? Virginia 26. What did North and South Carolina grow and export? rice, indigo, and forests/trees

27. Who moved inland and give the reasons why? Germans and Scots-Irish moved inland because they were unwilling to live in the original tidewater settlements, they could not secure fertile land along the coast, or they had exhausted the land they held

28. Describe the frontier family. Telling where they lived and about their lives. they built cabins, cleared tracts in the wilderness, cultivated maize and wheat, the men wore leather known as buckskin, the women wore clothes made of cloth they spun at home, they ate venison (deer), wild turkey, and fish, they had great barbeques, dances, housewarmings for newly married couples, shooting matches, and contests for making quilt blankets

 1.Persecuted - hostility and ill- treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs. 13 Colonies Vocab

 13 Colonies Vocab Continued 7.Commodity – anything bought or sold 8.Substantial – large in amount, size or number 9.Creed – a statement of the basic belief of a religion 10.Indigent – suffering from extreme poverty 11.Subsistence – minimum food or shelter needed to support life

 13 Colonies Vocab Continued 12.Predominantly – a position of power, authority or influence over others 13.Revenue – an amount of money regularly coming in 14.Oligarchy – a form of government where all power is held by a few prominent people 15.Interior – situated well inland from the coast or border 16.Tracts – an expanse or area of land, water, etc.