Fun Facts  19 billion capillaries  Per droplet of blood- 100,000 platelets  1 million red blood cells

Cardiovascular System  Heart- Muscle that pumps blood throughout the body.  Atrium- 2 upper chambers of the heart. - Receives blood that comes into the heart.  Ventricle- 2 lower chambers of the heart. - Pumps blood out of the heart.  Valve- Is a flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward.  Septum- Separates the left atrium and ventricle from the right atrium and right ventricle.  Aorta- Largest artery in the body.  Superior Vena Cava- Largest vein in the body.

Blood Vessels  Arteries- Carry blood away from the heart.  Veins- Bring blood back to the heart.  Capillaries- Substances are exchanged between the blood and body cells.

 Pulse- Is caused by the alternating expansion and relaxation of the artery wall.  Blood Pressure- Is caused by the force with the ventricles contract.  Sphygmomanometer- Instrument used to measure blood pressure.

Path of Circulation  Right Ventricle- Pumps blood that is poor in oxygen to the lungs.  Aorta- Artery that carries the blood to the lungs.  Left Atrium- Receives the blood that now is oxygen rich.  Valve- Opens to allow oxygen rich blood to move to the Left Ventricle.  Left Ventricle- Pumps blood to rest of the body.  Pulmonary Artery- Pumps blood to the rest of the body.  All Parts of Body- Receives nutrients, and oxygen. Gets rid of carbon dioxide and waste.  Right Atrium- Receives oxygen poor blood.

Blood  4 Component of blood 1. White Blood cells 2. Red Blood cells 3. Platelets 4. Plasma

Blood Cont.  Plasma- Liquid part of blood. Water makes up 90% of blood. Transports nutrients and oxygen.  Red Blood Cells- Carry oxygen throughout the body. -Hemoglobin- Iron containing protein that binds chemically to oxygen. White Blood Cells- Are the body’s disease fighters. They fight infections. Platelets- They collect and stick to the vessel at the site of the wounds and stop the blood flow which creates a scab.

Blood Types AA - A and O BB - B and O  AB - A, B, AB, O OO - O

Cardiovascular Diseases  Atherosclerosis- A condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the buildup of fatty materials.  Heart Attack- Occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked.  Hypertension- Is a disorder in which a person’s blood pressure is consistently higher than normal. Usually defined as greater then 140/90.

Keeping Healthy  Exercise and Diet  Avoid Smoking  Bypass Surgery- If an artery is blocked they will take an artery or vein from somewhere else in your body and then detour the blocked artery so you can continue to have blood flow.  Balloon Angioplasty Use a device like a balloon and insert it into the artery or vein that is blocked and inflate balloon in order to break up the plaque blocking the blood vessel.