Domains and Kingdoms Domain Bacteria Archaea Kingdom BacteriaArchaea ProtistaPlantaeFungiAnimalia Cell Type Prokaryotic (No nucleus) Eukaryotic (Nucleus) Single or Multi- Cellular Single (Unicellular) Single (Unicellular) Single (Unicellular) Multicellular Gets Energy from.. Varies SunlightAbsorbs Consumes Food

What’s a plant? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Definition of a plant –(Circle the words you don’t know) –Any of various photosynthetic, eukaryotic, multi-cellular organisms of the Kingdom Plantae characteristically producing embryos, containing chloroplasts, having cell wall made of cellulose, and lacking the power of locomotion. –Photosynthetic – Makes sugar from light. –Eukaryotic – Cells with a nucleus. –Multi-cellular – Made of many cells. –Embryo – Young organism that grows inside. –Chloroplast – An organelle that does photosynthesis. –Cellulose – A complicated and strong sugar. –Locomotion – To move. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Plants: Have cell walls and make their own food (photosynthesis), and lack the power of locomotion. Plants: Have cell walls and make their own food (photosynthesis), and lack the power of locomotion. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The most familiar Eukaryotic cells are Plants Cells and Animal Cells The most familiar Eukaryotic cells are Plants Cells and Animal Cells

This is a picture of a plant cell. It has… –Protective cell walls. –Chloroplast for photosynthesis. –Large storage vacuole that serves many purposes. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

There are many varieties of plants called Divisions.

Plants are divided into Divisions instead of Phylums. Plants are divided into Divisions instead of Phylums. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The energy flow of life occurs because of plants. Plants harness the energy from the sun, and pass it on to all other life forms. –Except for extreme bacteria on the ocean floor and their predators that use chemosynthesis. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: The Evolution of Plants. –and Algae (Protist) –and Lichens (Fungi and Protist) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Eubacteria Archaebacteria Eukaryotic (Cells with Nucleus) Prokaryotic (Cells with no Nucleus) no Nucleus) Universal Ancestor

Between 500 and 400 million years ago, some algae made the transition to land, becoming land plants required a series of adaptations to help them survive out of the water. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The first land plants Had to struggle with maintaining water in cells. –But still need gas exchange. How to support yourself out of water. How to reproduce on land. How to anchor into ground. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Some solutions –Waxy coverings to prevent water loss. –Stomata cells that open and close. –Roots. –Spores. –Vascular tissues, woody cores. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Some solutions –Waxy coverings to prevent water loss. –Stomata cells that open and close. –Roots. –Spores. –Vascular tissues, woody cores. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Some solutions –Waxy coverings to prevent water loss. –Stomata cells that open and close. –Roots. –Spores. –Vascular tissues, woody cores. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Some solutions –Waxy coverings to prevent water loss. –Stomata cells that open and close. –Roots. –Spores. –Vascular tissues, woody cores. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Some solutions –Waxy coverings to prevent water loss. –Stomata cells that open and close. –Roots. –Spores. –Vascular tissues, woody cores. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Vascular plants appeared by 350 million years ago, with forests soon following by 300 million years ago. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which vascular plant do you think came first from the pictures below? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

This one came first Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

This one came first – True leaves came much later. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The swamp forests of the Carboniferous Period have become the deposits of fossil fuels which power our industrial society. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Seed plants evolved next. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Division 1: Bryophyta (Liverworts & Mosses) Division 2: Psilophyta (Psilotum) Division 3: Lycophyta (Club Mosses) Division 4: Sphenophyta (Horsetails) Division 5: Pterophyta (Ferns) Division 6: Cycadophyta (Cycads) Division 7: Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo) Division 8: Gnetophyta (Gnetum & Welwitschia) Division 9: Coniferophyta (Cone bearing trees & shrubs) Division 10:Anthophyta (Flowering Plants) Online Flashcard practice for Plant Divisions – flash-cards/ flash-cards/

Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo) –Seeded plant. –Living Fossil that dates back 270 million years.

Cycadophyta (Cycads) –Seeded plants (Jurassic) –Large crown and stout trunk

Gnetophyta (Gnetum & Welwitschia) –Contain vessel elements (which transport water within the plant) as found in flowering plants. –Relative to flowering plant.

Which one is a Ginkgo and which is a Cycad?

Which one is a Ginkgo, Cycad, and which is a Gnetum of Gnetophyta?

Ginkgo GnetumCycad

Name the plants below?

Gymnosperms / seed plants evolved before flowering seed plants. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Division 1: Bryophyta (Liverworts & Mosses) Division 2: Psilophyta (Psilotum) Division 3: Lycophyta (Club Mosses) Division 4: Sphenophyta (Horsetails) Division 5: Pterophyta (Ferns) Division 6: Cycadophyta (Cycads) Division 7: Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo) Division 8: Gnetophyta (Gnetum & Welwitschia) Division 9: Coniferophyta (Cone bearing trees & shrubs) Division 10:Anthophyta (Flowering Plants) Online Flashcard practice for Plant Divisions – flash-cards/ flash-cards/

Cone seed plants evolved before flowering seed plants. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Flowering plants appeared around 140 million years ago. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Angiosperm: Flowering, covered seed, produce seeds enclosed in a fruit /ovary.

They have become very successful. –96% of all vascular plant species. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Anthophyta: Flowering Plants. –Flowers –Fruits –Vascular System.

Put the following pictures in chronological order. Earliest 1,2,3,4,5,6 Arrived Latest Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answers from earliest to latest Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Exit slideshow and students should drag the following pictures to put them in chronological order based on appearance. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy FirstLast

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy FirstLast Cyanobacter ia and then primitive algae Non – vascular plants Seedless vascular plants Conifers / flowerless Plants Flowering Plants

Which one is a seedless vascular plant? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which one is a seedless vascular plant? Example - Ferns Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which one is a vascular cone bearing plant? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which one is a vascular cone bearing plant?Example - Conifer Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which ones are non-vascular plants? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which ones are non-vascular plants? Answer: Mosses and… Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which one is an Angiosperm? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which one is an Angiosperm? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which is oldest, and which is youngest? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which is oldest, and which is youngest? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which is oldest, and which is youngest? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which is oldest, and which is youngest? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Aquatic algae evolved before terrestrial bryophytes. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Ferns / non-seed plants evolved before seed bearing conifers. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Seed bearing conifers evolved before flowering plants. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy