Unit 6 When was it invented?

TV? telephone? radio? computer? car? Which do you think is the most important invention in the world? TV? telephone? radio? computer? car? What other can you think of?

Can you tell when they were invented?

game A: I think … was invented before … B: Well, I think … was invented after …. game

1a GROUPWORK Look at the things below. Number them [1—5] according to the order they were invented. 2 1 4 3 5

game A: I think … was invented before … B: Well, I think … was invented after ….

game A: I think … was invented before … B: Well, I think … was invented after …

1b Listen and match the inventions with the dates. e e b b a a d d c c ___ 1876 ___ 1885 ___ 1927 ___ 1971 ___ 1976 a a d d c c

1c PAIRWORK Model A: When was the telephone invented? Student A, cover the dates and ask student B when were the things in the picture above were invented. Model A: When was the telephone invented? B: I think it was invented in 1876. A: When was the car invented? B: I think it was invented in 1930. I think it was invented after the telephone.

Pairwork (1c:P68) A: When was the _______ invented? B: I think it was invented in ______. 1976 1876 1971 1885 1927

Who was the light bulb invented by? Edison invented the light bulb. Who was the light bulb invented by? The light bulb was invented by Edison.

Who was the telephone invented by? Bell invented the telephone. Who was the telephone invented by? The telephone by Bell. was invented

Who was the car invented by? Karl Benz invented the car. Who was the car invented by? The car ______ was invented by _______. Karl Benz

A: What is the car used for? B: The car is used for traveling.

B: I think it is used for _______________ . talking with people A: What is the _______ used for? B: I think it is used for _______________ . talking with people

A: What is the used for? B: I think it is used for _______. (count) counting

A: What is the used for? B: I think it is used for ________.(work) working

A: What is the used for? B: I think it is used for _____.(ride) riding

A: What is the _______ used for? B: It is used for __________. counting (count)

A: What is the used for? B: It is used for ___________.(count) counting

A: What is the used for? B: It is used for ___________. (watch the things far away clearly) watching the things far away clearly.

A: What is the ________ used for? B: It is used for __________________ . making the food hot. (make the food hot)

pairwork A: When was …invented? B: It was invented in… A: Who was it invented by? B: It was invented by… A: What is the … used for? B: The … is used for doing…

Who were they invented by? What are they used for? operate 操作 heat 加热 adjustable 可调整的

Listen and number the inventions in the order that you hear them. 3 1 2

2c PAIRWORK Role play the conversations using the information in the chart above. Model A: Who was / were it / they invented? B: They was / were invented by …. A: What is / are it / they used for? B: It / they is / are used for …. be used for 被动语态, “被用来做……”。介词 for 表目的用途, 可接名词或动名词形式。

Oral Practice A: What is this? B: This is a heated ice cream scoop. A: What is it used for? B: It is used for scooping really cold ice cream. A: Who was it invented by? B: It was invented by Chelsea Lanmon.

四、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤: They speak English. 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by them. 主语 谓语动词的过去分词 宾语

主动语态变为被动语态的步骤 (1)主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 (2)主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语动词，即”“be+及物动词的过去分词”(be有时态、人称和数的变化)。 (3)主动语态的主语变为by的宾语。

Revision:Writing 1.I open the door. The door is opened by me. 将下列句子变为被动语态。 1.I open the door. (主动语态) The door is opened by me. (被动语态) 2.He often helps homeless people. (主动语态) Homeless people are often helped by him. (被动) 3.I handed out some papers just now. (主动语态) Some papers were handed out by me just now. (被动语态) 主动语态:主语是动作的执行者。 被动语态:主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态结构为： be+过去分词

五、被动语态的时态表示 被动语态的时态一般只通过be表现, 过去分词 不变。例如： 一般现在时: The trees are planted by the farmers. 一般过去时: The trees were planted by the farmers. 现在进行时: The trees are being planted by the

一般将来时：The trees will be planted by the farmers. 现在完成时：The trees have been planted by the farmers. 含情态动词的被动语态：The trees can (must,should) be planted by the farmers.

六、被动语态的几种句型： 肯定句 主语+be+过去分词+(by…) A sweet song was sung by her on the stage. 否定句 主语+be+not+过去分词+(by…) A sweet song wasn’t sung by her on the stage. 一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by…) Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by…) Where was a sweet song sung by her?

练习: 请把下列主动句变为被动句 1. The woman asked the policeman for help. 2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday. 3. Do they use the box as a table? 4. She sent me a collection last week. 5. The teacher doesn’t teach us math this term.

6. Did Lily buy her sister a hat? 7. We often hear him play the violin at home. 8. The lazy boy didn’t wash clothes yesterday. 9. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully. 10.When did your father took you to the park.

3a PAIRWORK Make a list of five helpful inventions and five annoying inventions. Helpful inventions Annoying inventions example telephone 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ example alarm clock car ice cream fax machine air-conditioner vacuum cleaner hair dryer computer truck television junk food

B: It is used for waking people up in the morning. Model 1 A: What is this? B: It is an alarm clock. A: What is it used for? B: It is used for waking people up in the morning. A: Do you think it is annoying? B: Sometimes, when I want to go on sleep.

B: It is used for giving light. A: Do you think it is helpful? Model 2 A: What is this? B: It is a light bulb. A: What is it used for? B: It is used for giving light. A: Do you think it is helpful? B: Yes, I think so. Because I always do homework and read books in the evening by its light.

Model 3 A: What is this? B: It is a microwave oven. A: What is it used for? B: It is used for heating cold food and cooking meals. A: Do you think it is helpful? B: Yes, I think so. Because my parents are very busy and I can use it to cook meals by myself.

3b PAIRWORK Discuss your opinion in activity 3a with your partner. Model 1 A: What do you think is the most helpful invention? B: I think the most helpful invention is the vacuum cleaner. A: Why is that? B: Well, it can help me clean the floor when mother asks me to do the cleaning.

Model 2 A: What do you think is the most annoying invention? B: I think the most annoying invention is the air-conditioner. A: Why is that? B: Well, I feel uncomfortable in the room with an air-conditioner.

4 GROUPWORK Choose five inventions you would like to have if you are alone on an island. Model 1 A: I’d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day. B: Yes, but that’s not going to help you leave the island. I think it would be better to have …

Model 2 A: I’d like to have some matches because I could light a fire to keep warm. B: Yes, but that’s not going to help you leave the island. I think it would be better to have a cell phone.

Model 3 A: I’d like to have a telescope because I could look far. B: Yes, but that’s not going to help you leave the island. I think it would be better to have a signal lamp.

HOMEWORK Write an article according to the information in part 4.

Exercise

I. 请把下列主动句变为被动句: 1. They produced that kind of car. 2. The workers built a bridge over the river. 3. Mother tells me a story every day. That kind of car was produced by them. A bridge was built by the workers over the river. I am told a story by Mother every day.

II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空： was invented 1. The TV ___________ (invent) around 1927. 2. They are used for ______ (see) in the park. 3. This kite _________ (make) by Uncle Wang. 4. Tea _____________ (discover) a long time ago. 5. Our classroom ________________ (should clean) every day. seeing was made was discovered should be cleaned

III. 根据汉语完成句子： 1. ______ ____ the computer ________ (什么时候发明的)？ 2. ____ was the car ________ ___ (谁发明的)？ 3. A pen ___ ____ ____(用来做) writing. 4. What do you think is ____ _____ _______ _________ (最有帮助的发明)？ 5. He said the fish was ____ ______ (足够咸)。 When was invented invented by Who is used for the most helpful invention salty enough

Explanation 1. It’s used for scooping really cold ice cream. be used for 意为“被用来……”,强调用途或作用。 e.g. The duster is used for cleaning the rooms. be used as 意为”被当作……来用”，强调被当作工具或手段来用。 be used by 意为“被……使用，强调使用者。 e.g. The big box is used as a table. The car is used by our manager.

invention是名词，“发明，发明物” 2. Shoes with adjustable heels were invented by… (1) with 是介词，意为”“具有，持有，带有”。 e.g. a girl with long hair a house with a blue roof (2) adjustable意为“可调整的，可调节的”。 e.g. I have a pair of shoes with adjustable heels. (3) invent是动词，意为“发明，创造”。 e.g. Edison invented the light bulb. invention是名词，“发明，发明物” e.g. Edison had about 2,000 inventions during his lifetime.

3. Battery-operated slippers were invented by… (1) “操作” e.g. Can you operate the computer? (2)“起作用，见效果” e.g.The sleeping pill operated at once. (3)“经营，管理” e.g.The company operates ten factories. (4)“动手术” e.g.The doctor will operate on his mother next week.

4. annoying adj. 讨厌的, 恼人的 (往往指事物) e.g. How annoying it is! 真讨厌。 annoyed adj. 生气的, 恼怒的 (往往指人) e.g. My father is annoyed with me. 爸爸在生我气。

5. helpful adj. 有帮助的, 有益的 e.g. Mr. White is a very helpful man. 构词法：n + ful → adj e.g. use + ful → useful thank + ful → thankful beauty+ ful → beautiful care + ful → careful

6. Imagine that you are alone on tiny island. alone adj. 意为“单独的”, 不带感情色彩。 e.g. When his wife died, he lived alone. lonely adj. 意为“孤独的, 寂寞的” e.g. He feels lonely when he is alone. lonely 指地方时表示“荒凉的, 偏僻的” e.g. The old man lives in a lonely small village.

7. I think it would be better to have… e.g. What would she be doing there? (2)It is better to do sth… “最好做……“，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。 e.g. It is better for you to walk to school. It is better to do sth…=had better to do sth…