Ecosystems 2 SOL #11 TSW differentiate between symbiosis, mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism

Cornell Notes Blue – Left side of the line Black – Right side of line Orange– Notes not required Red – Review questions (notes not required)

25. What is predation? Interaction in which one organism kills another for food

26. Examples of predator adaptations Cheetahs - aerodynamic Sticky sundew on a Venus flytrap attracts insects Owls can hunt at night (nocturnal)

27. Examples of prey adaptations Camouflage – Preying Mantis Protective Coverings – Sea Urchin Warning Colors – Arrow Frog False eye – Butterfly Fish

Examples of prey adaptations Moth caterpillar defends itself by mimicking a snake Bee fly mimics the coloration/ appearance of a stinging bee Mimicry - use of colors and markings to look like another animal (imitate - mimic)

Mimicry – Which is poisonous? Coral Snake - Mountain King Snake Desert King Snake

28. What is Symbiosis? A close relationship between two species that benefits (+) at least one of the species 29. Three types of symbiotic relationships Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism

30. What is Mutualism? a relationship in which two organisms interact and BOTH receive a benefit Mutually beneficial relationship (+, +) 31. Examples of mutualism Moray eel (+ gets a clean mouth) and the cleaner fish (removes parasites – + gets food)

32. Examples of mutualism Shark (0) and a suckerfish (+) (eats the scraps) – ex. Not mutualism it’s Commensalism Rumen Bacteria in cow’s stomach food and home for the bacteria (+) helps cow (+) digest grass and hay

Is this an example of mutualism? No, a skate board and a girl are not an example of mutualism Why not? A skate board is abiotic

33. What is commensalisms? a relationship between two species in which one species benefits, while the other is neither harmed nor helped (+, 0) 34. Give an example Squirrel (+) living in a tree (0)

35. What is parasitism? an organism (parasite) that lives on or in another organism (host) Parasite receives the benefit while the host is harmed or destroyed (+, -)

36. Give examples Tapeworm (+) and human (-) Aphids (+) and rose bush (-) Termites (+) and tree (-)

Review Questions – Match the key word/s with the definition 1. Predation 2. Symbiosis 3. Mimicry a. Use of colors and markings to look like another animal b. A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species c. Interaction in which one organism kills another for food

Review Questions – Match the key word/s wit the definition 4. Parasitism 5. Mutualism 6. Commensalism d. BOTH organisms receive a benefit e. 1 organism receives the benefit while the other is harmed or destroyed f. 1 organism receives a benefit, while the other organism is unaffected g. (+, +) h. (+, 0) i. (+, -)

A tick and a dog + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

1. A tick and a dog 1. Tick (+) / Dog (-) Parasitism

2. Spanish Moss ( flowering epiphyte) growing on an Oak tree 2. + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

3. Ants help protect aphids from predators and in return the ants get honeydew from the aphids 3. + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

4. Bee and a flower + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

5. Whale and Barnacles + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

6. Rhinoceros and Redbilled Oxypecker + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

7. Trout and Sea Lamprey + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

8. Epiphyte plant on a Rainforest tree + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

9. Lichen + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism

10. Strangler fig and another tree + / +, + / O or + / - Mutualism, Commensalism or Parasitism wacoE

2. Spanish Moss ( flowering epiphyte) growing on an Oak tree Spanish Moss (+) / Oak Tree (O) Commensalism

3. Ants help protect aphids from predators and in return the ants get honeydew from the aphids Ants (+) / Aphids (+) Mutualism

4. Bee and a flower Bee (+ ) / Flower (+) Mutualism

5. Whale and Barnacles Barnacles (+) Whale (O) Commensalism

6. Rhinoceros and Redbilled Oxypecker Oxypecker (+) / Rhino (O) Commensalism

7. Trout and Sea Lamprey Sea Lamprey (+) / Trout (-) Parasitism

8. Epiphyte in the Rainforest tree Epiphyte (+ ) / Tree (O ) Commensalism

9. Lichen - Fungus serves as structural support and provides moisture (prevents lichen from drying out during dry weather) Algae produces food for itself and fungus (photosynthesis) Fungus (+ ) / Algae ( + ) Mutualism

10. Strangler fig and another tree Strangler (+ ) / Tree (-) Parasitism wacoE