NATURENURTURE  Genetic Code  46 Chromosomes  DNA  Mutations  Predispositions or the possibility of developing a disease  All the environmental factors that affect us from conception to death  Placental abnormalities  Wholesome food and water  Growing up in a household of smokers  Bilingual or monolingual

IDENTICAL TWINSFRATERNAL TWINS  Twins that develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms.  Twins who develop from separate eggs. They are genetically no closer than any other brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment

 Collect and compare data on the intelligence levels of identical twins raised in the same home.  Collect and compare data on the intelligence levels of fraternal twins raised in the same home.  Compare the similarity in intelligence levels of the identical twins with the similarity in intelligence levels of the fraternal twins.

 Intelligence- Nature is at work  Personality- Nature is at work. This includes outgoing vs. shy and emotional stability.  Adopted children share traits with biological parents.  However, they score higher on IQ tests and are more involved in charity than biological parents.  Divorce rates- Nature is at work. Identical twins that divorce the chance goes up 5.5% vs. 1.6% in fraternal twins. BEHAVIOR IS NOT INHERITED, BUT PREDISPOSITION IS!

 Early Learning  If you don’t use it you lose it  A child raised in abusive isolation will never learn to read, write, or speak normal  Geometry seems like a different language to me now.

 Peer and Parent Influence  One of the most reliable predictors of dropout rate and failure in school is social rejection by one’s peer group.  Look at the quote on page 48.  Agree or Disagree?

 Cultural Influences  Culture is the shared attitudes, beliefs, norms, and behaviors of a group shared from one generation to the next  Norms are understood rules for accepted and expected behavior within a group  Individualism vs. collectivism  Asian culture vs. American culture  Japanese teens 3X more likely to worry about disappointing parents