Performance comparison between slotted IEEE and IEEE ah in IoT based applications Speaker: Po-Hung Chen Advisor: Dr. Ho-Ting Wu 2016/01/21

Outline Introduction IEEE IEEE ah Simulation Setting Simulation Result Conclusion Reference 1

Introduction In this paper, we present a performance comparison between IEEE and IEEE ah standards by evaluating the network throughput and energy consumption. IoT requirements, such as lower complexity, reduced implementation and operation costs, broader coverage range and higher energy efficiency. 2

Introduction(Cont.) The IEEE standard is presently being used for wireless sensor networks and ZigBee applications. IEEE ah is a new global WLAN standard using sub-1 GHz frequency band. 3 IEEE IEEE ah Transmission range m1000 m Bit rate 20 kbps 40 kbps 250 kbps least 100 kbps Bandwidth 868 MHz (Europe) 915 MHz (America) 2.4 GHz (Global) Sub 1 GHz

IEEE IEEE is a standard which specifies the physical layer and mac layer for low-rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs). It’s defined in The ZigBee technology is based on the IEEE standard. 4

IEEE (Cont.) IEEE standard has two types of devices a Full-Function device (FFD) and a Reduced-Function device (RFD). The FFD is capable of all network functionalities and can operate in three different modes: it can operate as a PAN coordinator, a coordinator or it can serve simply as a device. An RFD device is low on resources and memory capacity and is capable only of very simple applications such as a node which senses light or temperature. 5

IEEE (Cont.) 6

The IEEE standard defines two different channel access modalities: Beacon-enabled  slotted CSMA/CA Beacon-less  unslotted CSMA/CA 7

IEEE (Cont.) Communication to a coordinator in a beacon-enabled network 8

IEEE (Cont.) Communication to a coordinator in a beacon-less network 9

IEEE (Cont.) Slotted CSMA/CA 10 CW  contention window NB  number of backoffs BE  backoff exponent RT  number of retransmissions CCA  clear channel assessment

IEEE (Cont.) Unslotted CSMA/CA 11

IEEE ah The IEEE ah standard is one of the candidate standards for IoT and Machine to Machine (M2M) applications which is still in its preliminary stage of development. IEEE ah draft 1.0 was conducted in September The standardization should be completed approximately by March

IEEE ah(Cont.) IEEE ah using sub 1-GHz frequency to transfer data. It’s a new standard for IoT, because it can transfer a long range more than 1000 meter, least 100 kbps data rate, and compatible with WLAN legacies. The common standards we use everyday: IEEE n  2.4GHz IEEE ac  5GHz 13

IEEE ah(Cont.) IEEE ah advantages: Low power consumption Long battery life Burst data transmission Easy Setup High Transmission range On-Hop reach Reliability 14

IEEE ah(Cont.) Free space path loss equation 15 = Received signal strength [dBm] = Transmitter output signal strength [dBm] = frequency [Hz] = speed of light = distance from transmitter

IEEE ah(Cont.) 16

IEEE ah(Cont.) The basic access to the medium in IEEE ah is using the DCF based on CSMA/CA scheme. IEEE MAC defined two Coordination Function : Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) Point Coordination Function (PCF) 17

IEEE ah(Cont.) The DCF scheme can use two different mechanisms: two-way handshaking technique known as basic access mechanism. four-way handshaking technique known as RTS/CTS method. 18

IEEE ah(Cont.) IEEE ah use cases, backhaul networks for sensor and meter 19

Simulation Setting Using OMNeT++ to simulate. OMNeT++ is an open-source simulator. C++ It’s useful for simulating the communication networks, and other distributed and parallel systems. 20

Simulation Setting(Cont.) Simulation Topology The AP is located in the middle of the playground. Other nodes are located in a uniformly distributed manner. To increase the simulation accuracy, each simulation scenario is randomly repeated 100 times and average of results is calculated by using the Monte Carlo method. 21

Simulation Setting(Cont.) Common setting for both standards. 22

Simulation Setting(Cont.) Setting for IEEE Setting for IEEE ah 23

Simulation Setting(Cont.) For instance, the size of payload is chosen 256 Bytes in both standards, even though the maximum payload in IEEE is 127 Bytes. In simulate IEEE standard, it’s removed the CFP period. In simulate IEEE ah standard, it’s using 2-way handshaking. 24

Simulation Setting(Cont.) 2 type for simulate Ideal channel Non-ideal channel path loss [dB] where d is the distance between transmitter and receiver in meter. 25

Simulation Setting(Cont.) 2 different traffic to simulate Saturated traffic  Each nodes always have a packet to send. Low traffic  Each node generates a packet with the inter arrival time of 100 ms with random starting time. 26

Simulation Setting(Cont.) It’s using a fairness measure, because of in non-ideal channel the signal is loss in the path, the closer nodes have higher probability to send their packet. Fairness measure is calculated by Raj Jain's equation: 27 where n stands for the number of nodes and X i is the throughput of the ith node. i i

Simulation Result 28

Simulation Result(Cont.) 29

Simulation Result(Cont.) 30

Simulation Result(Cont.) 31

Conclusion The IEEE ah is better in term of throughput but in the case of the energy consumption, the IEEE still outperforms the IEEE ah specially in a dense network and non-saturated traffic. 32

Reference Behnam Badihi Olyaei; Juho Pirskanen; Orod Raeesi, “Performance comparison between slotted IEEE and IEEE lah in IoT based applications” in Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), 2013 IEEE 9th International Conference, pp N. Salman; I. Rasool; A.H. Kemp, ” Overview of the IEEE standards family for Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks” in Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), th International Symposium, pp Weiping Sun; Munhwan Choi; Sunghyun Choi, “IEEE ah: A Long Range WLAN at Sub 1 GHz” in Journal of ICT Standardization, Vol. 1, pp , doi: /jicts X.125, July 2013 IEEE Std ™-2003 Ozkan Katircioğlu; Hasan Isel; Osman Ceylan, ” Comparing ray tracing, free space path loss and logarithmic distance path loss models in success of indoor localization with RSSI” in Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR), th, pp (Just for the free space path loss equation) 33

34 Thank you for listening.