Do Now: Page 639 Answer Questions 2/3

History DVDs Letters from WW1 “Surrender”

America Gives the Allies the Edge Early 1918 Americans arrive in large numbers Led by General John J. Pershing

David Lloyd-George [Great Britain] Orlando [Italy] Georges Clemenceau [France] Woodrow Wilson [USA] WHERES RUSSIA?

NEXT Wilson Promotes Peace Without Victory Wilson’s 14 Points Wilson’s plan for world peace No secret alliances Freedom of the seas Free Trade Sovereignty for Belgium, and former states of Russia and Austria Hungary Point 14 calls for a League of Nations League to enable nations to discuss, settle problems without war European leaders oppose most of Wilson’s peace plan

The Allies Reject Wilson’s Plan French premier Georges Clemenceau wants to prevent German invasion British Prime Minister David Lloyd George wants to “Make Germany Pay” Italian Vittorio Orlando wants Austrian-held territory Conference excludes Central Powers, Russia, small Allied nations Wilson gives up most of his points in return for League of Nations Wilson fails to grasp anger of Allied leaders against Germany

NEXT Provisions of the Treaty Treaty of Versailles creates 9 new nations, British, French mandates Places various conditions on Germany: - cannot have an army - pay reparations (33 BILLION), or war damages Treaty of Versailles Continued...

Clean sheet of paper, NAME/DATE TURN TO PAGE 643 answer the Map Skills Questions 2/3

Political Cartoon Analysis In Pairs or Groups For each of the following Political Cartoons answer the questions next to the cartoon.

NEXT The Treaty’s Weaknesses War-guilt clause—Germany must accept sole responsibility for war Germany cannot pay $33 billion in reparations that Allies want Russia loses more land than Germany; territorial claims ignored Colonized people’s claims for self- determination ignored 1.1. A.What are these three men doing to Germany ? B.Who do you think they represent ?

NEXT Opposition to the Treaty in US Strong opposition to treaty in U.S. Some, like Hoover, think treaty too harsh, fear economic effects Some feel treaty exchanged one group of colonial rulers for another Some ethnic groups not satisfied with new national borders Debate over the League of Nations Some think League threatens U.S. foreign policy of isolationism Senators like Henry Cabot Lodge mistrust provision for joint action 2. A.What does a dove represent? B.What does this man think it is? C.Who is the man representing?

3. A.What is happening to Uncle Sam? B.Does the cartoonist support the league of nations? Why/why not?

History DVDs Letters from WW1 “League of Nations”

NEXT Wilson Refuses to Compromise Goes on speaking tour to convince nation to support League U.S., Germany sign separate treaty BUT Senate rejects the League of Nations Treaty of Versailles

4. A.Who is the architect of this bridge? B.What does the bridge represent? C.Who is the keystone missing from the bridge? D.Does the cartoonist believe the bridge will work?

‘Perhaps it would gee-up better if we let it touch earth.’ A British newspaper cartoon, by David Low. Briand, French Prime Minister SOURCE WORK: A) First, describe the storyline shown in the cartoon. B) what is the political message ? Lloyd-George, British Prime Minister What is this referring to? What does the horse represent? Why is the cart up- ended? What is meant by the caption? Why is Briand holding a whip? Why is a shovel left here? ‘Perhaps it would gee-up better if we let it touch earth.’ 5.

‘Punch’ was Britain’s main political magazine of the period. What does the ‘Angel’ represent? A. Describe the scene shown, what is the storyline? B. Then, identify the political message intended by the cartoonist. Why the candle ‘snuffer’? What political message does it represent? What does the candle represent? What is the general political message of the cartoon? 6.

A. Describe the condition of the room in which this family is living? B. How is the child shown? Why? C. Look at the caption, what is its political message? 7.

Vengeance! German Nation Today in the Hall of Mirrors of Versailles the disgraceful Treaty is being signed. Do not forget it! The German people will with unceasing labour press forward to reconquer the place among nations to which it is entitled. Then will come the vengeance for the shame of From the ‘Deutsche Zeitung’ [‘The German Express’] newspaper. Only fools, liars and criminals could hope for mercy from the enemy. In these nights hatred grew in me, hatred for those responsible for the dead. By Adolf Hitler, who had served in the army and became a future leader of Germany