N. Kawai 河合誠之, J. Kataoka ( 東京工業大学: Tokyo Institute of Technology) M. Matsuoka, S. Ueno, H. Tomida, (NASDA) H. Tsunemi, E. Miyata (Osaka Univ.) T. Mihara, H. Negoro, M. Kohama, I. Sakurai (RIKEN) A. Yoshida (Aoyama Univ.), Y. Shirasaki, (NAOJ),
Overview All Sky X-ray Monitor on ISS –Scanning all sky every 90 min Two Types of X-ray Detectors –Gas Slit Camera (GSC) –Solid-state Slit Camera (SSC) Mission 2005 August ~ 2+ years Scientific Goals –Long-term AGN Variability –X-ray Novae –Diffuse X-ray Sources –GRB afterglow
International Space Station (ISS) Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) JEM MAXI ISS & JEM
Grapple Fixture for a robot arm Electronics Gas Slit Cameras (GSC) : X-ray gas proportional counter Solid-state Slit Cameras (SSC) : X-ray CCD Optical Star Sensor Radiator for X-ray CCDs 180cm 80cm 100cm Total weight: 490 kg Overview of MAXI ATCS
FOV of MAXI
Point Spread Function incident angle = 0 deg in latitude direction incident angle = 20 deg in latitude direction
Gas Slit Camera (GSC) Test Counter 358 mm 1-D position sensitive counter (anodes : 10 m carbon fiber) MAXI employs 12 counters (total area = 5340cm 2 ) (1.5x80 deg) x 3 =>1.5x160 deg 2-30keV range position resolution ~ 1mm Position resolution and linearity over the 30 cm sensitive area of GSC
ΔE ~ keV Hamamatsu Photonics CCD MAXI employs 2 SSCs Each SSC has 16 CCD chips developed by Hamamatsu Photonics Effective area ~ 100cm 2 x 2 Solid-State Slit Camera (SSC)
Time (days after outburst) Flux (Crab unit) keV X-ray spectrum available every day! Detectable in one day Detectable in one week One Crab One mCrab X-ray Nova Light Curves and MAXI Sensitivity Detectable in one week
Sensitivity of MAXI 1 orbit (30 sources) 1 day (100 sources) 1 week (1000 sources) RXTE ASM
Simulation of MAXI Observation One Orbit 5-month
ISS-JEM MAXI Ethernet 3 Mbps, 5 hr/day NASDA DRTS Command Data NASA Alart data Stored data MAXI Science team MAXI Data Communication System Mil 1553B kbps, 24 hr/day
MAXI/GSC: X simulation
MAXI/GSC: MCG simulation
MAXI/GSC: Ark 564 simulation
? ? MAXI Schedule wait ? H Now under TMM test! Selection Kickoff R Launch
Summary MAXI : all-sky X-ray monitor on JEM/ISS – the first all-sky X-ray monitor for AGNs Two-types of Detectors –GSCs & SSCs covering keV band Detection-limit down to 1-2 mCrab for 1 day 2005 August ~ 2 years