USI POWERPOINT MR. LIPMAN CHAPTER THREE-AMERICANS

Huge increase in population in America in 1700s – In 1700 there were 300,000 people in America; – By 1775 there were 2.5 million people in America 500,000 were black – Increase due to births and to immigration

Ethnic and Racial Composition of the American People, 1790

Triangular trade – Very profitable – Rum and raw materials shipped from New England to England and then to Africa and traded in Africa for slaves – Slaves shipped to West Indies and traded for molasses – Molasses shipped to N. E. and made into rum

Triangular Trade across the Atlantic

The Great Awakening Began in 1734 in Mass. with Jonathan Edwards – Argued good works were not enough to be saved God’s grace was only way to get to heaven – Preaching style was educated, but used brutal doctrines to catch people’s attention

In 1738 George Whitefield became prominent – Travelled the colonies, preaching in outside forums to thousands of people – great speaking skills – Preached message of human helplessness and divine omnipotence – Countless sinners converted; the “saved” groaned, shrieked, and rolled around on ground under influence of God’s power – Inspired many imitators

The Trial of Peter Zenger – 1735 NYC

North America’s Spheres of Influence 1713

In 1754, G.W. was sent by Virginia to Ohio – Came upon small French force, attacked, and killed the French leader – Then quickly built Fort Necessity in the area to protect himself and his men – The French returned with reinforcements, surrounded Fort Necessity, and forced Washington to surrender (thus Washington losses the very first battle he ever fights in)

A Reconstruction of Fort Necessity

1754 British called an inter-colonial conference in Albany, N. Y. which became known as the Albany Conference – Only 7 of 13 colonies came – Wanted greater colonial unity to fight France and encourage Iroquois Indians to join British – At conference Benjamin Franklin drew the most famous cartoon of colonial era – Join, or Die

In 1756 the British invaded French Canada – War will be fought worldwide – British lose early in the war and are shown to be weaker than everyone believed – British finally led to victory by Prime Minister William Pitt In 1759 the Battle of Quebec was fought – British made a secret move in night up a poorly guarded rocky cliff protecting Quebec and the city then surrendered

Treaty of Paris (1763) ends the war Britain is the dominant power in North America – France removed as a power from North America but French population stayed, governed by the British – France gave to Spain (to compensate their ally for their losses) Louisiana and New Orleans – Spain gave some of Florida to Britain – WAR SHOWED COLONISTS BRITISH WERE VULNERABLE AND NOT STRONG POWER EVERYONE BELIEVED THEY WERE… ALSO PUT BRITISH INTO HEAVY DEBT AND THEY WOULD TURN TO COLONISTS TO PAY THE DEBT

North America, Before and After the French and Indian War