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When countries unite for a common cause; to receive support if attacked Alliance

What is the largest country? Russia

Who was the first czar of Russia after it broke free of the Mongols? Ivan IV

How did Peter plan to modernize Russia? New ideas and inventions from the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions

Why did Alexander II’s efforts to end serfdom fail? Heavy taxes, poor land for farming

Which group originally from Asia ruled Russia until 1547 when Ivan IV became the first czar? Mongols

What was Peter the Great’s ultimate objective for Russia? He wanted it to become more like Europe.

What is the term for someone who worked on farms owned by others and received few rights? Serf

Which czar can be credited for expanding the empire to include the Ukraine and Belarus? Catherine the Great

What were the four main reasons for the outbreak of WW1? Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

What was a radical directive that Peter the Great instituted? Ordered Russians to shave their beards so they’d look more European

Russia was divided into what two major classes in the 19 th century? Nobles and serfs

Which groups supported the serfs quest for more rights? Workers, students, artists, writers

Cold, northeastern area of Russia Siberia

Give a specific example of how Peter the Great reformed Russia. Improved the army, built schools

How did the Russian government respond to the serfs demands for more rights in 1905? Bloody Sunday

Russian czars wished to gain new territories to expand the empire. Provide an example of a new territory that was acquired. Belarus, Ukraine, land along the Baltic Sea

Pres. Wilson’s Plan for peace in Europe after WW1 League of Nations

What did the Treaty of Versailles require of Germany? (Give 3 things) Pay reparations, limited military, give up land

What happened to the Russian monarchy? It was overthrown.

How did the poor farmers or peasants of Russia suffer under the czars? New laws forced the peasants to become serfs.

Which country was most adamant about punishing Germany after WW1? France

Identify one weakness of the League of Nations No army, No money

Money paid by the losing country to the winning country for damages Reparations

Austria-Hungary, Germany, Turkey (Ottoman Empire), Bulgaria The Central Powers

Why did European powers want colonies in Asia and Africa? Raw materials

Russia’s “window on the west” St. Petersburg

Why did Russia enter WW1? To help its ally Serbia

Why did Germany declare war on Russia? To support Austria after Russia sent help to Serbia

Strong pride in one’s nation or ethnic group Nationalism

Which country was blamed the most for WW1? Germany

Where were the Mongols who conquered and ruled Russia in the 13th and 15 th centuries? Asia

Who won WW1? The Allies

What ideas did Catherine the Great borrow from Western Europe? Schools, new towns, expanded trade, encouraged art, science and literature

What is it called when the a single ruler holds all the power? Absolute government or Unlimited government

Identify a country two countries that were created after WW1 Poland, Yugoslavia, Turkey, Hungary, Austria

Which group of citizens suffered most under Russia’s new strength? peasants

Which czar led Russia into World War I? Nicholas II

The term for an extreme build- up or armed forces Militarism

On what two continents is Russia located on? Europe and Asia

Where do the majority of Russians live? European Russian

What problems led to the Russian Revolution in 1917? Food shortages and unemployment

Which countries made up the “Big Four” and generated the Treaty of Versailles? France, Great Britain, US, Italy

What happened on Bloody Sunday? Government troops shot protesting workers

Whose murder led to war being declared between Austria- Hungary and Serbia? Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Which mountain range divides European Russia to Asian Russia? Ural Mountains

Who did Czarina Alexandra allow to influence her while ruling Russia? Rasputin

The agreement that ended WWI and which outlined the political outcomes of the conflict Treaty of Versailles

Why did Italy switch sides? Promised land by France

Who was the President of the US during WW1? President Woodrow Wilson