MEDICAL CONDITIONS Diabetes Mellitus Create too much urine due to high blood glucose levels Inability to create insulin Insulin Shock Caused by too much insulin (Pancreas) Hypoglycemia Low blood sugar

DIABETES - Symptoms Extreme thirst Excessive urination Blurred vision Weight loss or gain Loss of sugar & protein in urine Excess sugar in blood

DIABETES Athletes with diabetes mellitus who participate in intense exercise: * Energy may be burned rapidly, depleting blood sugar levels * Hypoglycemia could occur

DIABETES - Treatments Sugar replacement Gatorade Candy bar Sugar Pills If the athlete goes into a diabetic coma (lack of insulin) EMS should be contacted immediately Vital signs should be monitored

HYPOGLYCEMIA - Symptoms Symptoms of hypoglycemia HeadacheAnxiety NauseaProfuse sweating WeaknessLoss of motor coordination May cause insulin shock, convulsions, coma or death

ASTHMA Recurring temporary constriction of the bronchi and bronchioles in the lungs Lungs are unusually sensitive to airborne irritants and allergens Irritants cause interior lining of lungs to swell & secrete mucus Potentially life-threatening

ASTHMA - Symptoms Wheezing Shortness of breath Coughing Brought on by increase in activity Allergic reactions (animal allergies, food allergies) Smog

ASTHMA- Treatments Inhaler Have athlete sit & relax to control breathing Elevate and support arms with a pillow on the table EMS if symptoms persist or worsen

SEIZURE DISORDERS Epilepsy Nervous system disorder due to misfiring of nerves Petit Mal Minor attack with absence of convulsions Grand Mal Major attack with tonic –clonic seizures Shake uncontrollably. Lose conciousness, defecate

SEIZURE DISORDERS No memory of seizure Regardless of loss of conciousness Medications can control incidents Allowing for normal activities of daily living (ADLs) Should avoid certain activities Scuba diving, swimming alone, hiking alone Clear area to decrease injury EMS

Appendicitis Vermiform appendix Narrow worm-shaped tube that attaches to the cecum Portion of the large intestine Appendix becomes inflamed Trapped fecal matter

APPENDICITIES – Symptoms Flu-like symptoms Pain in LRQ Nausea Vomiting Fever EMS surgery

HEART CONDITIONS Genetic Defect in heart Murmur Injury Blow to chest Excessive stress May cause Myocardial Infarction EMS

VIRUSES Contagious Air borne pathogens Threaten performance ability Not at 100% Cold or Flu Not considered an emergency Dehydration Due to vomiting, diarrhea, fever

VIRUSES – Treatment Rest No activity OTC Cold & Flu remedies Fluids Rehydration TIME Needs to run its course Hygiene Wash hands, don’t share personal use items

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Heat Illnesses Potential Life Threatening-Dehydration Cold Stress Loss of heat due to weather exposure Humidity Inability for body to cool off Lightening 30/30 Rule

HEAT ILLNESSES Heat Exhaustion Fatigue Dizziness Dehydration Profuse sweating Headache Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Cramps Heat Stroke Dizziness Minimal sweating Light headedness Lack of coordination Irritability Confusion Seizures Decreased BP Increase body temp

Heat Illness Treatments HYDRATE HYDRATE HYDRATE Rest in cool shaded area Elevate legs Remove clothing Ice bath (heatstroke) Replace sodium losses EMS (heatstroke)

COLD STRESS Hypothermia Temp below 95 Shivering Confusion Loss of motor control SEVERE-no shiver Skin blue Vitals decrease Death Frostbite Freezing of skin Aching Numbness White or grayish skin Must warm tissue up

HUMIDITY Moisture in the air High Humidity increases chance of heat illness Unable to cool body from sweat Sweat becomes an insulator instead of a cooling agent Check National Weather Service for heat index warnings

LIGHTNING Flash to Bang Theory Lightening Viewed Count seconds until thundered Is heard. Divide by 5 Equals miles Lightning is Away/ Less than 30 seconds (6 miles away) Seek immediate Shelter. NO activity for 30 minutes after Last thunder.