The Lost Colony  In 1587, Sir Walter Raleigh received approval to start a new colony in Virginia.  He sent three ships carrying more than 100 men, women and children  They arrived off the coast of what is now North Carolina.  They needed more supplies, so they sent John White, to return to England for aid.  War between England and Spain, delayed relief for two years.  The settlements were abandoned, no one was ever found.

Virginia  In 1606, King James I granted a charter to a group of adventurers called the Virginia Company.  They established the first permanent English colony in North America, calling it Jamestown after the king.

Jamestown, Virginia  Aboriginals taught the colonists how to grow tobacco. (income)  Virginia became England’s first royal colony.  The company recruited indentured servants.  Contracted to work for the company for 7 years after that time you could apply for land.  They were given 50 acres for every settler that they brought out to the colony (own expense) after 1624.

Jamestown, Virginia Government  In 1619, a council was appointed, consisting of members from the company as well as 22 representatives or burgesses (2 from each of the 11 areas of the colony)  The House of Burgesses was the first representative assembly.

Newfoundland  In 1616, Captain John Mason went to NFLD to govern a settlement.  He took over Cuper’s Cove on Conception Bay  Other settlements were established along the coast.  In 1619 wrote A briefe discourse of the New- found-land. The first book written about NFLD.  He listed 4 reasons why NFLD was as good as Virginia:  Closer to England, fish trade, cheaper to bring settlers, fewer natives and better protection.

Newfoundland: Government The Admirals’ Rule  In 1634, King Charles I issued The Western Charter.  English merchants controlled NFLD and established a government for England’s  Those who lived all year in NFLD could not engage in the fishery.  Some regulations of this government were:  The captain to arrive in any harbor in the spring would be the admiral for the year.  Trading ships could not carry any passengers who intent to settle in NFLD.  The admirals and their friends could treat the settlers however they wished.

Newfoundland: Government  In 1676, Charles II restricted the use of cutting wood (6 miles from shore) or use fishing wharves, offenders were taken back to England  Fishing admirals the right to destroy all settlements.  NFLD’ers remained there and would rebuild damaged homes.  In 1699, King William III passed the first Newfoundland Act. (Recognized their right to be there).

Settlement of Massachusetts  Settled during the Reformation  Had to belong to the Anglican Church.  People who wanted to move to a Protestant church were known as dissenters. (Pilgrims)  The Pilgrims sailed on the Mayflower in 1620 (New England at Plymouth)  Grew crops from the natives and celebrated first Thanksgiving Day(1621)  In 1691, they joined with the Massachusetts Bay Colony.  The Puritans were a group that wanted to purify the church. (Led by John Winthrop 20,000)

Scotland’s First colony  Nova Scotia got its name from the 17 th century poet, Sir William Alexander.  1621, Sir William sent ships to Nova Scotia over the next two years.  Sir William accumulated a large debt, lack of settlement interest.  King James offered the title of baronet and land in NS to any Scot that would pay money to William.  Charles I created a committee to look after the arrangement. (coat of arms)  By 1629, Sir William set up a settlement at Port Royal. It last 3 years.  In 1632, Charles I signed a treaty with France agreeing to leave NS.  The King of France promised to pay a debt owed to King Charles.

The Building of Halifax  The colonists of New England wanted protection. (constantly attacked by France)  With the loss of Louisbourg, the English colonists were promised protection in Halifax.  On July 12, 1749, 2500 settlers arrived at the new fortress. Edward Cornwallis  Halifax needed farmers to produce food, carpenters to build homes and merchants to provide supplies. (free food for a year)  By 1752, 400 people lived in the town. They feared conflict with the aboriginals  When the Seven Years’ War was declared in 1756, Halifax was ready.  They received 23,000 soldiers and sailors who were preparing an attack on Louisbourg and later Quebec City.