Urbansiation 1) an increase in the absolute number of people living in urban areas 2) The movement of people into urban areas 3) the expansion of urban areas into the surrounding countryside 4) an increase in the proportion of a population living in towns and cities in a country

Objective: To be able to explain the processes taking place in urban areas

Centripetal or Centrifugal? Push and pull factors causing inward and outward movement of populations

Urbanisation creates wealth

This can help to explain people’s choice of movement

Urban p287 course companion Push factorsPull factors

Centripetal Forces These are associated with the movement of people into the urban area. For each of the following centripetal forces, explain the process that encourages this inward movement.

Urbanisation

Reurbanisation / urban renewal

Centripetal Forces – Rural to urban migration

Stepwise Migration Model

Behavioral Model that migration occur in stages with a ‘wave-like’ motion. Major settlements tend to attract migrants from smaller cities, which attract. M igrants from smaller towns and villages

Lee’s Migration Model

Centripetal Rural – urban migration Urbanisation Gentrification Urban renwal

Gentrification

Urban renewal

Use the images to annotate with definitions Use p286 course companion

Centrifugal Forces –Urban sprawl

Suburbanisation

Counter-urbanisation

Family life cycle Intra urban population movement occurs within the city and may involve shifts of population during the family life cycle. People move around different zones of the city depending on their age and need for a house of a certain size. P290 fig 11.8 course companion

Task Suggest why processes of population movement are likely to vary between cities. In other words… why do some cities see centripetal movement, and others see centrifugal movement? Use any examples you know to backup your points.

Is there a link between natural increase in the population size, and the number of urban areas? Firstly, discuss what factors might influence a country to have a high (or low) natural increase in its population size. Then consider what indicators you could use to exemplify this. Finally, try to find a graphic that shows the link between natural increase and urban populations.

GENERAL PATTERN? SO, WHAT IS A DRIVING INFLUENCE IN THE GROWTH OF GLOBAL CITIES?

Link it all together Look at some of the reasons why cities began to expand and spring up around the world, from 1955 onwards. What were the driving forces?

This is the Spec (…remember?) Check that you are comfortable with each of the sub-topics and learning objectives. Make a note on the sheet circulating if you have any queries / uncertainties…