II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce)

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce)

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s Aquatic HabitatsTerrestrial Water availableDesiccating

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s Aquatic HabitatsTerrestrial Water availableDesiccating Sunlight absorbedSunlight available

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s Aquatic HabitatsTerrestrial Water availableDesiccating Sunlight absorbedSunlight available Nutrients at DepthNutrients available

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s Aquatic HabitatsTerrestrial Water availableDesiccating Sunlight absorbedSunlight available Nutrients at DepthNutrients available BuoyantLess Supportive

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s Aquatic HabitatsTerrestrial Water availableDesiccating Sunlight absorbedSunlight available Nutrients at DepthNutrients available BuoyantLess Supportive Low oxygen, higher CO 2 reverse

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s B. Adaptations to Life on Land 1. Waxy Cuticle (reduce water loss)

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s B. Adaptations to Life on Land 1. Waxy Cuticle (reduce water loss) 2. Gametes protected

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s B. Adaptations to Life on Land 1. Waxy Cuticle (reduce water loss) 2. Gametes protected 3. Embryo protected

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History 1. Green Algal “roots” – Ulva (sea lettuce) 2. Colonization of Land: Environmental Diff’s B. Adaptations to Life on Land 1. Waxy Cuticle (reduce water loss) 2. Gametes protected 3. Embryo protectedVULNERABLE 4. Spore wall thick

II. Introduction to Plants A. Evolutionary History B. Adaptations to Life on Land C. Plant Evolution – Acquisition of Terrestriality

III. Plant Diversity A. Non-tracheophytes (no true vascular tissue) 1. Characteristics a. short (no vascular tissues)

III. Plant Diversity A. Non-tracheophytes (no true vascular tissue) 1. Characteristics a. short (no vascular tissues) b. limited to moist habitats (swimming sperm)

III. Plant Diversity A. Non-tracheophytes (no true vascular tissue) 2. Diversity a. Liverworts – most primitive plants - lie flat on ground - antheridia and archegonia on surface

III. Plant Diversity A. Non-tracheophytes (no true vascular tissue) 2. Diversity a. Liverworts – most primitive plants b. Mosses

III. Plant Diversity A. Non-tracheophytes (no true vascular tissue) 2. Diversity a. Liverworts – most primitive plants b. Mosses - have stomata – regulate water loss

Archegonium Antheridium

III. Plant Diversity A. Non-tracheophytes (no true vascular tissue) 2. Diversity a. Liverworts – most primitive plants b. Mosses - have stomata – regulate water loss - swimming sperm

III. Plant Diversity A. Non-tracheophytes (no true vascular tissue) 2. Diversity a. Liverworts – most primitive plants b. Mosses - have stomata – regulate water loss - swimming sperm - cuticle – waxy covering on leaves