Description and explanation of the basic patterns Prepared by: Muneera Al-Murdi RHS 323 Lecture 2

Patterns of motion Patterns of motion for PNF are mass movement patterns. The mass movement patterns of facilitation are spiral and diagonal movements in character used in sports and in work activities.

Patterns of motion There are two diagonals of motion for each of the major parts of the body: the head and neck, upper trunk, lower trunk, and the extremities. Each diagonal is made up of two patterns that are antagonistic to each other. Each pattern has two flexion and two extension patterns for each of the major parts.

Motion components Each diagonal pattern has three components include flexion or extension, abduction or adduction, and rotation. External rotation has its counterparts, supination and inversion where as internal rotation has pronation and eversion.

Motion components The head and neck patterns are the key to the upper trunk patterns. The patterns of the head and neck and upper trunk described as flexion or extension with rotation to the right or left.

Motion components The lower extremity patterns are the key to the lower trunk patterns. Motion of the pelvis include elevation of the pelvic brim as the counterpart of flexion , depression of the pelvic brim as the counterpart of extension, and rotation toward the left or right.

Motion components Upper extremity patterns and their acronyms: Flexion- adduction-ext.rotation D1fl Extension-abduction-int.rotation D1ex Flexion-abduction-ext.rotation D2 fl Extension-adduction-int.rotation D2 ex

Motion components Lower extremity patterns and their acronyms: Flexion- adduction- ext.rotation D1 fl Extension- abduction- int.rotation D1 ex Flexion- abduction- int.rb otation D2 fl Extension- adduction- ext.rotation D2 ex

Motion components Upper and lower extremities: Proximal pivots Intermediate pivots Distal pivots Digital pivots

Motion components Line of movement: The diagonal line of movement is referred to “groove” of the pattern, it is the optimal line of movement produced by the optimal or maximal contraction of the major muscle components from their lengthened state to the shortened state.

Cooperative of muscle function: In pattern of facilitation, the individual muscle contracts from its completely lengthened state to its completely shortened state in cooperation with the major muscle components of the pattern wherein it is located.

Motion components Types of muscle contraction: Isotonic: active voluntry shortening of a muscle Isometric: static hold against equal resistance Eccentric: active voluntary lengthening of a muscle

Motion components The various terms used to describe muscle contraction: Isotonic- dynamic- movement Shortening- concentric- positive work Lengthening- eccentric- negative work Isomeric- static- stable position

Free active motion Active performance by patients is useful to assess motor abilities , coordination, and to identify limitations of range of motion. Diagonal patterns may be performed in any position that permits the desired range to occur. Standing Sitting Supine posture

Free active motion Head and Neck, and trunk diagonal patterns Upper Extremities, unilateral patterns Upper extremities, Bilateral Symmetrical (BS) Upper extremities, bilateral Asymmetrical (BA) Upper extremities, Bilateral Reciprocal (BR) Lower extremities, Unilateral patterns Lower extremities, Bilateral Symmetrical patterns Lower extremities, Bilateral Reciprocal