1 Lab 1 HRP223 – 2009 October 5, 2009 Copyright © Leland Stanford Junior University. All rights reserved. Warning: This presentation is protected by copyright law and international treaties. Unauthorized reproduction of this presentation, or any portion of it, may result in severe civil and criminal penalties and will be prosecuted to maximum extent possible under the law.

2 Topics For Today Setup Windows – Show the file extensions – Set up folders – Setup Office – Using DOS The parts of SAS Configure SAS Enterprise Guide – Application options – Keyboard macros Using SAS – Libraries – Subsets – Creating toy data sets – Loading real data sets – Descriptive statistics and graphics

3 Show File Extensions (Suffixes) in XP 2 3 Uncheck Setup Windows

4 Add a new folder called projects Double click it (to open it) Setup Windows

5 The projects folder is inside of the c drive. This path is abbreviated c:\Projects If you hate to type, copy and paste it from here. You can choose the view of the contents by pushing this button. I usually use the details view. Setup Windows

6 Add a folder here called HPR223 Inside that folder add a folder called Lab1 Also in the c:\projects\hrp223 folder, add a folder called assignment2 Setup Windows

7 If there is a project that you are working, on mark the folder with a new icon. 2 1) right click 2) Choose properties 3) Click Customize 4) Pick an icon Setup Windows

8 If you need to rename anything in windows, click it and push the F2 key. If you want to get to My Computer quickly, push the Windows key with e If you want to get to the desktop quickly, push Windows d If you want to search your hard drive, push Windows f Setup Windows

9 Download the letters and Numbers Excel file from the class website and confirm the file suffix is still xlsx Setup Windows

10 Office 2007 Voodoo Add the properties button to the quick access bar. Add the Switch Window button to the quick access bar. Add the folders you use a lot to the open and save dialog boxes. Setup Office

11 Setup Office

12 Ribbon to Quick Access You can add things to the quick access bar by right clicking on them. Setup Office

13 Right click down here You can add this location to the Open and Save As dialog boxes for all of Office. Setup Office

14 Allowing EG to Talk to DOS There are times when you want to have SAS or EG ask Windows to do a task. For example, you may want to have a folder (directory) created automatically or you may want to set the folder where SAS should look for files or where results will be stored by default. The easiest way to do this is to type programming commands in DOS (the file manipulation system that predates modern Microsoft Windows). Another word for the operating system is the shell. Using DOS

15 DOS Stuff There are only a few commands you want to bother with – mkdir = make a directory mkdir c:\blah – del = delete something del /Q c:\blah\*.* – cd = change to a directory cd c:\blah Using DOS

16 Shell Escape In SAS programs you can type DOS commands like this: X "dos stuff goes here"; These are called shell escapes. Obviously, shell escapes are dangerous tricks that give you the power to do all kinds of mischief including erasing a hard drive. By default, Enterprise Guide does not allow them. You need to tweak the registry to turn the functionality back on. Using DOS

17 Shell Escape Commands in EG Tweak to the registry: 1. Start => Run => enter REGEDIT => OK. 2. Select hkey_classes_root => clsid => {440196D => localserver Right-mouse on Default and select Modify. Be careful here. 4. Remove -noxcmd (should be the last item in the list) => Ok. 5. View => Refresh. 6. Exit the Registry window. 7. Reboot Backup your registry before you change anything: support.microsoft.com/kb/ support.microsoft.com/kb/ Ask for help if you have the slightest question. Using DOS

18 WYSIWYG graphics editing The parts of SAS

19 Change the Default File Location On every machine you use, you should change the default file location to the work library. Do this once per machine. Configure SAS

20 Click 1st Click 2x Configure SAS

21 Other Options To save your sanity, make this change to the options. Check this box on Configure SAS

22 Custom Code for Graphics Analyses in SAS 9.2 can have extra high resolution graphics. Permanently turn them on. Configure SAS

23 Making Code Easy To make it easier to write code I have prepared keyboard macros that will let you fill in the blanks in code rather than having to memorize the details of the language. – Download the file – Open a code node, then from the Program menu, choose Editor Macros and click Macros. – Choose Import… and select the file you downloaded Configure SAS

24 Configure SAS

25 Using the Macros When you type the name of an analysis or data management procedure, a "tool tip" will appear. Push the Tab key to have SAS include the code I wrote. Configure SAS

26 Permanent Store I suggest that you save your data into the temporary work library by default. If you have a huge file which you only want to import once, or if you want to keep a permanent copy of a SAS data file, you will want to set up a permanent library. – This is just a fancy way of specifying what folder SAS should use to save the.sas7bdat data files. Using SAS

27 Custom Icons SAS 9.2 TS2 can not assign a library to a folder that has ever had a custom icon. It is OK to use the custom icon to mark a folder as an active project but you will need to add a folder inside of it with a normal icon to hold the data.

28 I suggest you use the c:\projects folder on your hard drive but if you do not have permission, you can use the desktop. To point EG to a library on your desktop you need to navigate to a path like: c:\Documents and Settings\blah\Desktop where blah is your account name on the PC.

29 Download the Data (1) Make the directory to hold the data… with DOS!!! – Click the windows start button – Click Run… – Type cmd and push enter – type mkdir c:\projects\hrp223\lab1 and push enter I go here for DOS questions:

30 Download the Data (2) Download the data from here:

31 Importing the Easy Way The most bulletproof way for importing with EG 4.2 is to use the import wizard. Using SAS Libraries

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33 Using SAS Libraries If you have problems with access to folders you can use the Desktop C:\Documents and Settings\AccountName\Desktop

34 You must click on the folder you want to use as a library. Expanding the tree is not enough. BADGood Using SAS Libraries

35 1 st rename the node to match the library name 2 nd add a line to the flowchart connecting the library to the import. It just looks good. Using SAS Libraries

36 Using SAS Libraries

37 Using SAS Libraries

38 Playing with Data Once the data is imported, you can add code “nodes” to the flowchart or use the graphical user interface to tweak the data and do analyses. Complex changes Quick and easy subset and sorting Using SAS Data

39 Using SAS Data

40 It gives you more options as you add in sort variables. SQL is built behind the scenes. Using SAS Data

41 Converting Characters to Numbers If you want to convert a variable that is a character into numeric use the input function. Keep in mind that all values that include non- numeric values will be erased. input(originalName, N.D) Using SAS Data

42 Using SAS Data

43 Context sensitive menus help you describe the data you are browsing. Using SAS Data

44 Descriptive Statistics drag Using SAS Descriptive

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46 Toy Data Sets It used to be that you needed to memorize lots of arcane syntax to accomplish even the easiest of tasks, like making a toy data set. Using SAS for Toy Data

47 Wizards take more time than typing but they are easy to use. zThey can’t do some complicated tasks. Using SAS for Toy Data

48 The EG data manipulation tools use SQL. For simple tasks you can use either language (or point and click) but for complicated tasks, each has advantages which I will eventually show you. Data Step vs. Proc SQL Using SAS for Toy Data

49 Export from REDCap importing into SAS Using SAS for Real Data

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51 Using SAS for Real Data

52 The path is missing. Add it in and run the program. Using SAS for Real Data

53 Using SAS for Real Data

54 Subset to get the Females. Using SAS for Real Data

55 Grab all variables then take away sex. Using SAS for Real Data

56 Remove the gender variable. Using SAS for Real Data

57 Enterprise Guide writes SQL. Using SAS for Real Data

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59 SAS Data Step vs. SQL SQL is a nearly universal language for accessing, querying and changing data in databases. – Most tasks can be easily done by having the SAS GUI write SQL for you. Data step programming is the language used only by SAS. – Some frequently done tasks can be done quickly and easily with data step programming. splitting tables into several new tables processing groups of records Using SAS for Real Data

60 Procedures In addition to data step programming, the other major part of the SAS programming language is the use of procedures for analysis (and complex data manipulation). You can memorize the syntax and write PROC code or you can use EG and have it do the work for you. Using SAS for Real Data

61 Using SAS for Real Data

62 Drag and drop height into the analysis variable role. Then check on a histogram plot and tell it to insert the mean into the plot. Using SAS for Real Data

63 Using SAS for Real Data

64 Using SAS for Real Data