Liverwort Diversity A) ______________________ C) ______________________ B) _____________________

LEAFY LIVERWORTS (Jungermanniales) > 280 Genera > 7,000 Species

Leafy Liverworts Lateral Leaves (Succubous) 6

Leafy Liverworts Lateral Leaves (Incubous)

Leafy Liverworts 3 Complicately Bilobed Lateral Leaves 2

Leafy Liverworts Underleaves

Leafy Liverworts Bazzania Leaf Complexity

Leafy Liverworts Cephalozia Leaf Complexity

Leafy Liverworts Trichocolea Leaf Complexity

Leafy Liverworts Porella 9 Leaf Complexity 8

Leafy Liverworts Frullania Leaf Complexity

Leafy Liverworts Life Stage: 17

Leafy Liverworts 18 Female Gametangia, Perichaetial Leaves

Leafy Liverworts 19 Male Gametangia, Perigonial Leaves

Leafy Liverworts ! Acrogynous Anacrogynous Gametangia Position

Leafy Liverworts Life Stage:

Leafy Liverworts Young Sporophyte

Leafy Liverworts Young Sporangium, Sporocytes, Elaters

Leafy Liverworts Mature Sporophyte, Sporangum Dehiscence

Leafy Liverworts 22

Ribbon Liverworts (Metzgeriales) ~ 28 Genera ~ 550 Species

Oldest Fossil Liverworts Metzgeriothallus (350-360 MYA) Metzgeria Pallavicinites (370-360 MYA) Pallavicinia (Modern)

Ribbon Liverworts (Metzgeriales) Pellia 24 25 Gametophyte Diversity

Ribbon Liverworts (Metzgeriales) Aneura Gametophyte Diversity

Ribbon Liverworts (Metzgeriales) 26 Pallavicinia Metzgeria Gametophyte Diversity 27

Ribbon Liverworts (Metzgeriales) Fossombronia Gametophyte Diversity

Ribbon Liverworts (Metzgeriales) 28 Riccardia Gametophyte Diversity 29

Ribbon Liverworts Gametophyte Complexity

Ribbon Liverworts Location of Gametangia

Ribbon Liverworts Gametangia

Ribbon Liverworts Sporophytes

Ribbon Liverworts Young Sporangium, Sporocytes, Elaters

Ribbon Liverworts Mature Sporangium, Sporangium Dehiscence

Next: Chambered Thallose Liverworts (Marchantiales)

6 http://www.hlasek.com/foto/bazzania_trilobata_ae0417.jpg 1 http://bryophytes.plant.siu.edu/images/Frullania_Yunnan__ China.jpg 2 http://www2.una.edu/pdavis/images/liverworts/Frullania%20inflata.jpg 3 http://www.pitt.edu/~severson/ainh/images/frullania.jpg 4 http://www.drehwald.info/wallpaper/Plagiochila_spinulosa_400.jpg 5 http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/images/6095 6 http://www.hlasek.com/foto/bazzania_trilobata_ae0417.jpg 7 http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/plants/bryophyta/hepaticopsida/ jungermanniales/lophocoleaceae/lophocolea/heterophylla-1.jpg 8 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Porella_ platyphylla.jpg/800px-Porella_platyphylla.jpg 9 http://www.ijon.de/moose/images/p-m0l.jpg

10 http://www.vydrica.sk/photos/flora2.jpg 11 http://www.norrkoping.snf.se/skogsgruppen/skogen060506/ dunmossa23.jpg 12 http://www2.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/public/abt2/dokablage/diaarchiv/ 1/R10002347.jpg 13 http://subject.forest.gov.tw/species/mosses/liverworts/pic/p137.jpg 14 http://subject.forest.gov.tw/species/mosses/liverworts/pic/p137.jpg 15 http://www.botany.ubc.ca/bryophyte/stanleypark/scapania_undulata/scapania_ undulata_1.jpg 16 http://www.botany.ubc.ca/bryophyte/8097.jpg 17 http://www.nps.gov/archive/olym/crypto/photo/V_PONA.jpg 18 http://www2.una.edu/pdavis/porarch.jpg

25 http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/images/6/6f/Bryophyta-1.jpg 19 http://www2.una.edu/pdavis/porarch.jpg 20 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Porella_ SPT_ls.jpg/150px-Porella_SPT_ls.jpg 21 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/ Porella_SPT.jpg/200px-Porella_SPT.jpg 22 http://cber.bio.waikato.ac.nz/courses/226/Liverworts/Liverworts_files/ image001.jpg 23 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bryophyta _8.png/375px-Bryophyta_8.png 24 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Pellia_ epiphylla7_ies.jpg/685px-Pellia_epiphylla7_ies.jpg 25 http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/images/6/6f/Bryophyta-1.jpg 26 http://www.biology.duke.edu/bryology/LiToL/Images/ Morphological%20Diversity/Pallavicinia_subciliata.jpg

27 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/ Metzgeria_furcata_2005.04.02_15.29.56-p4020023.jpg/800px- Metzgeria_furcata_2005.04.02_15.29.56-p4020023.jpg 28 http://www.bubblesaquarium.com/images/home%20mid_ photo/NewPlants_Riccardia_chamedryfolia_Popup.jpg 29 http://www2.una.edu/pdavis/ricmul2.jpg 30 http://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/program/ua2001/Cargill/ fossombronia-alata.jpg 31 http://www.naturefg.com/pages/a-plants/aneura%20pinguis.htm