What can you remember? Time periods? Areas of Medicine? Factors that helped Medicine develop?

Revision – what do you know? In pairs, discuss what strategies you have used in the past to revise? What works well for you; 1 month before the exam (now!) 1 week before the exam 1 day before the exam? On the day of the exam?

How will you be revising in your History lessons? D – Day – Tuesday June 7th You should have already started preparing your revision sheets, cards, mind maps etc – You need to be able to access and explain the information you have prepared so you can use it in the exam Little and often is the best way to learn, DON’T think you can leave it until the last minute! We will be making mind maps, revision cards and doing practise questions

Lesson Objectives To identify the key features of understanding of disease and infection in the Ancient World, (theories, treatments and who treated the sick) To evaluate the extent of progress, continuity and regress in understanding of disease and infection in the Ancient World

Warm Up What was the Ancient World? Time periods? Key Features of Time Periods? Key people? Important factors? Progress? Regress? Continuity? Theories of disease?

Part 1 – Prehistoric Jeopardy In this round, you will be given the answer to a question. In your pairs, you will have 90 seconds and you must come up with the question. Eg. If the answer is ‘nomadic’ the question could be ‘what was the lifestyle of the prehistoric people’ or ‘what word describes people who have no fixed settlement and move from place to place

Round 1 Trepanning

Trepanning Most Ancient form of brain surgery Spiritual / Supernatural reasons Letting evil spirit out of body Hole drilled into skull Piece of skull made into necklace to ward off more evil

Round 2 Dual Approach

Dual Approach (2 ways of treating illness) If illness obvious... Natural treatments Eg. Broken arm = encase in clay Herbs, animal fat, animal skin If cause of illness can’t be seen = supernatural treatments Eg. Headache – caused by evil spirit or because soul has been lost Treated by medicine men

Round 3 Supernatural

Supernatural Prehistoric people were spiritual and although not religious in the modern sense they believed in Gods and evil spirits

Round 4 Aborigines

Aborigines Prehistoric people did not keep any written records We know about them because they lived lives similar to Australian aborigines Some of our knowledge is guesswork, but the aborigines provide a useful comparison

Part 2 - ER In this round you will be given an illness which your unfortunate teacher is suffering from. You must come up with a diagnosis and a treatment according to your time period and then share this with the class. BONUS! If your team can think of a diagnosis and treatment that the other group has not thought of, then you can steal points.

ER – How would your patient be treated in the Ancient World ER – How would your patient be treated in the Ancient World? (Each of the 4 time periods) Your patient has a mysterious pain in their shoulder Treatment? Diagnosis?

How would your patient be treated in each time period of the Ancient World? Your patient has pus squelching out of a cut on their hand Diagnosis? Treatment?

How would your patient be treated in each time period of the Ancient World? Your patient is producing lots of phlegm Treatment? Diagnosis?

How would your patient be treated in each time period of the Ancient World? Your patient has lost their sight Treatment? Diagnosis?

Prehistoric – dual approach, medicine men Prehistoric – dual approach, medicine men. Herbs, plants, animal fat – guesswork but good knowledge of plants Egypt – Natural Theory (Nile) Herbs, plants, Supernatural = Gods, charms. Doctors = Priests, Magicians – but were trained. Books of Thoth, Papyrus Ebers, chanted magic spells when using natural treatments – executed if patient died and weren’t using medical books – wrote things down and shared ideas

Ancient Greek – Thinkers – 1st natural theory – Hippocrates Theory of 4 Humours, (written up by Aristotle). Also had supernatural – Asclepios = God of Healing. Asclepions = temples – visited sick at night with daughters hygiea and panacea – NEVER JUST NATURAL APPROACH Ancient Rome – kept lots of Greek ideas and approaches – still had Cult of Asclepios, but Galen developed 4 humours and added cures ‘theory of opposites. Romans = doers

Who Am I? You will be given a series of 5 clues about a key person If you guess who they are correctly on the first clue, you will have 5 points If you guess correctly on the second clue, you will have 4 points etc etc If you think of an additional fact about the person at the end that has not been mentioned, then you can steal an extra 2 points, (or more if you can think of more facts)

Round 1 I have a beard I am known as the Father of Modern medicine because my ideas had so much impact Doctors still use two of my ideas today, (you can have a bonus point for each if you can tell me what these 2 ideas are). I created the first natural theory of illness I am Greek WHO AM I?

Hippocrates! Greek Philosopher / Doctor Greeks = Thinkers Theory of 4 Humours / 4 elements / 4 seasons – in balance = illness, (but not cures) Clinical Observation, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, observation Hippocratic Oath – duty of care to patients

Round 2 Lots of Y9 and Y10 are very confused about me I developed the theory of the 4 Humours I am a great thinker I am a student of Hippocrates I am Greek WHO AM I?

Aristotle! Lived 100 years after Hippocrates Developed and wrote down the theory of the 4 humours

Round 3 I am very arrogant I wrote hundreds of books I come under 2 areas of medicine I am not popular with pigs I developed Hippocrates’ ideas WHO AM I?

Galen Lived during Ancient Roman Empire Romans = doers Developed Hippocrates’s to include cures – Theory of opposites – give people opposite treatment to their symptoms eg. Too much phlegm = cold, moist, winter so give them pepper

Homework You need to complete your own progress / continuity / regress graphs, one for each area of medicine in your exam covering each of the time periods What do you need to include?