World War I The Great War

Key Vocabulary Nationalism Nationalism Propaganda Propaganda Militarism Militarism Causes of WWI Causes of WWI Triple Alliance Triple Alliance Triple Entente Triple Entente Isolationism Isolationism Modern war techniques Modern war techniques Treaty of Paris Treaty of Paris

M.A.I.N. Militarism Militarism Alliances Alliances Isolationism Isolationism Nationalism Nationalism

Some causes of WWI In June of 1914 The Archduke of Autria-Hungary was assassinated by a “crazy” person who did not like him. In June of 1914 The Archduke of Autria-Hungary was assassinated by a “crazy” person who did not like him. Germany, his country’s ally, believed its enemies were behind his murder and started to get its troops ready to attack countries such as France and England. Germany, his country’s ally, believed its enemies were behind his murder and started to get its troops ready to attack countries such as France and England.

Sinking of RMS Lusitania In May of 1915 a passenger cruise ship, RMS Lusitania, was sunk by a German U-Boat [submarine] off the coast of Ireland killing nearly 2,000 people including almost 200 Americans. This aggression caused the Americans to be even angrier at Germany and made them confident they made the correct decision to fight them and eventually win.

Militarism Two principal reasons for the rise of militarism: Two principal reasons for the rise of militarism: (1) Desire to be powerful in order to take over other countries. (1) Desire to be powerful in order to take over other countries. (2) Desire to defend themselves from powerful countries. (2) Desire to defend themselves from powerful countries.

Weapons of War Many new weapons were invented for use during the Great War. Many new weapons were invented for use during the Great War. Such as? Such as? Machine guns, warplanes, land mines, tanks, chemical gas and gas masks. Machine guns, warplanes, land mines, tanks, chemical gas and gas masks. Purpose? Purpose? To kill or injure as many people as possible. To kill or injure as many people as possible.

Weapons of War Tanks- Soldiers were able to travel on the battlefield quickly with protection and heavy firepower. Tanks- Soldiers were able to travel on the battlefield quickly with protection and heavy firepower. Landmines- Soldiers were able to place explosive devices beneath the ground in order to injure, maim or kill without great risk to themselves. Landmines- Soldiers were able to place explosive devices beneath the ground in order to injure, maim or kill without great risk to themselves. Mines activated by weight pressure of person walking on top of mine. Mines activated by weight pressure of person walking on top of mine. Exception: Landmines would sometimes malfunction and kill the person placing it. Exception: Landmines would sometimes malfunction and kill the person placing it.

Striving to be the best The principal goal of war is to destroy the enemy. The principal goal of war is to destroy the enemy. Two basic goals during war. Two basic goals during war. Attacking (offense) or defending against attack (defense). Attacking (offense) or defending against attack (defense). Tactic used both on offense and defense were trenches. Tactic used both on offense and defense were trenches.

How can a government convince its people to think or feel a certain way? Using propaganda. Using propaganda. What is that? What is that? Speeches, books, posters or images used to influence someone. Speeches, books, posters or images used to influence someone. Sometimes they are meant to scare, warn, help or encourage people. Sometimes they are meant to scare, warn, help or encourage people.

Taking Sides Europe had a “trouble maker ” from the 1850s Europe had a “trouble maker ” from the 1850s Who was it? Who was it? Germany Germany The Kaiser [German monarch] wanted more land and power. The Kaiser [German monarch] wanted more land and power.

Alliances Triple Alliance: Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria- Hungary and Italy. Germany, Austria- Hungary and Italy. Goal: Goal: Protect members of the alliance. Protect members of the alliance. To dominate Europe and control it. To dominate Europe and control it.

Alliances Triple Entente: Triple Entente: Russia, France and England. Russia, France and England. Goal: Goal: protect themselves from the Triple alliance. protect themselves from the Triple alliance.

The Zimmerman Note [telegram] The foreign secretary of Germany, Arthur Zimmerman, in January of 1917 sent a telegram [old version of a text message] to the president of Mexico in “code” asking him to attack the U.S. in exchange for return of territories [Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona]. The telegram was intercepted and angered the U.S. to the point of joining the allies against Germany.

Isolationism: American Involvement France got their butts kicked by Germany and needed help. France got their butts kicked by Germany and needed help. The United States wanted to remain neutral and isolate [isolationism] itself from the rest of the world. The United States wanted to remain neutral and isolate [isolationism] itself from the rest of the world. The United States came to their aid and joined their alliance in The United States came to their aid and joined their alliance in American firepower and industrial power was the key the Triple Entente’s victory. American firepower and industrial power was the key the Triple Entente’s victory.

Nationalism Extreme feelings of pride for a country. Extreme feelings of pride for a country. What can this lead to? What can this lead to? Feeling jealous, envious, suspicious, fearful or hateful toward another country. Feeling jealous, envious, suspicious, fearful or hateful toward another country. These “feelings” can be exploited by a government’s leadership. These “feelings” can be exploited by a government’s leadership.

Propaganda

Propaganda

Propaganda

The Peace at Paris The Allied Powers [led by the U.S.] defeated the Central Powers by The Allied Powers [led by the U.S.] defeated the Central Powers by The Germans were forced to surrender. The Germans were forced to surrender. Everyone involved in the war met at Versailles to negotiate a treaty. Everyone involved in the war met at Versailles to negotiate a treaty. Forced to pay reparations [pay damages]. Forced to pay reparations [pay damages]. Forced to sign a guilt clause [take blame for starting the war] on the treaty. Forced to sign a guilt clause [take blame for starting the war] on the treaty.

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