Connector What process does this image refer to. What is the difference between colonialism, imperialism and colonisation?

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Connector What process does this image refer to. What is the difference between colonialism, imperialism and colonisation?

What geographical shifts in superpowers have occurred in the last century? Geographical Superpowers © Geography Department, London Academy

Superpower Geographies 1. Superpower Geographies a) defining superpowers b) influencing power b) changing patterns of power c) theories explaining the growth of superpowers Learning Objectives: To know differences between capitalism and communism To have a basic understanding of why communism collapsed To describe the current geographical influence of the U.S.A. To be able to explain the changing pattern of power in the last century © Geography Department, London Academy

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1945 – 1990 ‘The Cold War’ After the second world war, two global superpowers emerged. The USA followed a policy to globalise its sphere of influence and become a stronger player in the world system. However the beliefs and politics of the USSR did not agree with the USA. In order to become more powerful the USSR took advantage of collapsed countries in Europe and enforced a communist regime. Bi-polar World What criteria would have supported these countries rise to superpower?

Opposing Ideals of Power CAPITALISMCOMMUNISM

WORKERS ARE EMPLOYED BY THE STATE BUSINESSES BELONG TO THE STATE SOCIAL OBJECTIVE IS FREEDOM SOCIAL OBJECTIVE IS EQUALITY WORKERS ARE EMPLOYED BY PROFIT MAKING INDIVIDUALS BUSINESSES ARE PRIVATELY OWNED

GOVERNMENT PLANNED ECONOMY DICTATORSHIP NO FREE ELECTIONS THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FREE MARKET ECONOMY DEMOCRACY WITH ELECTED LEADERS

Nuclear warheads

Collapse of the Soviet Union 1985 – Newly elected President Gorbachev introduced: GLASNOST “freedom of Speech” PERESTROIKA “private ownership of small businesses” Late 1980’s – Economic failure and food shortages 1989 – 1991 With their new found freedom states within the USSR rebelled and claimed sovereignty (independence)

The Worlds One Superpower The World’s One Superpower Present

UNI-POLAR world: 2010? US dominated uni-polar world can be seen as the triumph of modern globalisation, trade and capitalist ideology (links back to AS Unit 1):

Different perspectives can be used to ‘view’ the US dominated world: Military presence US TNCs abroad USA’s recipients of foreign aid. CNN is a good example of US global media influence

What do you remember about…. United States Military United States Economy and Culture

Consider for Q2: Politics- patriotism, nationalism, int. agreements Economic systems- e.g. 5 year plans Social control- education, KGB, CIA Military-standing armies, nuclear, Over to you Choose either USA or USSR/Russia How do patterns of power change? Use books and research to illustrate how and why 1)Your power became a superpower and the ideology. 2)How control was maintained 3)It’s current status and/or why it collapsed /threats to its superpower status today. Detail is needed Upper Sixth! Present as a report: Starting point is Oxford p and p136