A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Intra-Consortium Patron Online Borrowing (ICBOP) An Overview of Options and the Standards that Will Make ICBOP Possible Mary E. Jackson Senior Program Officer for Access Services Association of Research Libraries Washington, DC USA

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES My Presentation Will..... Outline two variant models that support the goal of consortial borrowing Summarize existing and developing standards that support those models Respond to your questions!

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Intra-Consortium Patron Online Borrowing Options 1. Distributed Interlibrary Loan Using the ISO ILL Protocol 2. Remote Circulation Using NCIP

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed Interlibrary Loan Patrons search, identify, and send ILL requests –Books and photocopies Material retrieved by ILL or Circ. staff Material sent by courier or Ariel/fax Material distributed by Circ. or ILL staff

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES What’s in a Name? Also known as……. –Remote circulation –Unmediated ILL –Patron-initiated ILL –Consortial borrowing –Patron-initiated circulation –Interlibrary circulation

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing Patron searches union or virtual catalog Places a “circulation hold” on the item –Doesn’t easily handle copy requests Circulation (or sometimes ILL) retrieves material Material sent by courier Patron checks out on local circ. system

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Why is there Interest in Consortial Borrowing/Dist. ILL? Research Libraries…. $27 for a filled ILL transaction Turnaround time of 15.6 calendar days Borrowing fill rate of 85% Lending fill rate of 58% Borrow 50% books; 50% copies Lend 33% books; 67% copies

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES The Current ILL Environment Very staff intensive –67% the cost of borrowing –75% the cost of lending Multiple messaging systems No or very minimal integration with other components of integrated library system

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed Interlibrary Loan

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed ILL International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ILL Protocol 10160: Service Definition 10161: Protocol Specification 2nd version, 1997

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed ILL The ILL Protocol defines…. –21 services (e.g. request a renewal) –20 messages (APDUs) to support those services –Data elements for each message

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed ILL The ILL Protocol defines ….. –The sequence of the messages –The encoding scheme for the messages –The communication method The ILL Protocol does not…. –Govern policies or internal procedures

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed ILL Interlibrary Loan Protocol Implementors Group (IPIG) –Part of the North American Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery (NAILDD) Project –Established in late 1995 to encourage vendors to implement the ISO ILL Protocol

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed ILL Interlibrary Loan Protocol Implementors Group (IPIG) –Over 40 organizations in 8 countries –Developed the IPIG Profile –Beginning to do interoperability testing

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed ILL The IPIG Profile for the ISO ILL Protocol –Approved in August 1999 –Records the common set of decisions, options, and values agreed upon by members of the IPIG –Increases likelihood of interoperability, but does not guarantee it

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed ILL Interoperability Testing: The IPIG Charts epixtech DRA Fretwell Downing Informatics The Library Corporation MnSCU/PALS OCLC Perkins & Associates Pigasus Software RLG

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing NISO Circulation Interchange Protocol (NCIP) –NISO SC AT appointed in January 1999 Chaired by Pat Stevens, OCLC –Third effort by NISO Remember NISO Z39.69 and Z39.70? –Based on 3M’s Standard Interchange Protocol (SIP)

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing The NCIP Protocol is limited to the exchange of messages between and among computer-based applications to effect circulation and to support controlled access to certain electronic resources or other library services. NCIP does not define circulation functions.

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing NCIP will support…. –Direct consortial borrowing –Circulation/interlibrary loan interaction –Self-service circulation –Access to electronic resources

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing Technical assumptions –Simple technical requirements –Confirmed service (pairs of messages) –Connection-oriented transport –XML to encode messages –Implementors Group to be established to test

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing Two types of NCIP Profiles: “Horizontal” Describes a super class of profiles Extends Protocol Specifies XML as encoding language Includes basic XML schema

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing Two types of NCIP Profiles: “Vertical” Extends horizontal profile Extends data elements Overrides super-class definitions Four Profiles (at least) Direct Consortial Borrowing Circ/ILL interaction Self-service Electronic resources

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial Borrowing Timeline May 7-9 Next Committee meeting August 18First draft of standard issued FallDraft Standard for Trial Use

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Distributed ILL Strengths –Wide range of potential lenders –Standard is in use (and use is growing) –Handles loans and copies Weaknesses –Requires Protocol-compliant systems –Performance may no better than trad. ILL –No knowledge of item availability

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Consortial borrowing Strengths –Unit cost much lower than mediated ILL –Minimal staff involvement –Knowledge of item availability Weaknesses –Standard not yet finalized/implemented –Borrowing limited to consortium –Doesn’t handle photocopy requests

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Two Questions to Ponder Is it reasonable to forecast that all returnable ILL transactions will become Consortial Borrowing transactions within the next 5 years? What would it take to realize that vision?

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Selected Web Sites NAILDD Project IPIG & IPIG Status of Testing Charts test.shtml ISO ILL Protocol NCIP

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES Feel Free to Contact Me! Mary E. Jackson Senior Program Officer for Access Services Association of Research Libraries 202/ / fax