Quiz Format: Multiple Choice and Short Answer (1) Moral Diplomacy – what it is, who said this Examples of imperialism – Spanish American War, Boxer Rebellion, etc Dollar Diplomacy Roosevelt Corollary American-Filipino War – what happened Motivations for Imperialism Cuban Revolution Land America acquired

Review “Big Stick” Diplomacy: “Speak softly and carry a big stick” Examples: Panama Canal, Roosevelt Corollary Dollar Diplomacy: investment and success of American business should determine our foreign policy Example: Open Door Policy in China Moral Diplomacy: foreign policy should allow for principles of justice and liberty to carry throughout the world Examples: U.S. involvement in Mexico, U.S. involvement in World War I

M ILITARISM A LLIANCES I MPERIALISM N ATIONALISM The Causes of World War I M.A.I.N.

M ilitarism Militarism: the process of countries preparing themselves for war. Includes New military technology Increasing numbers of weapons Increasing number of soldiers enlisted In the early 1900s, European countries were increasing their military spending because of competition Increase in Defense Expenditures France10% Britain13% Russia39% Germany73%

A lliances Alliance: an agreement of friendship or support between two countries In the early 1900s, many European nations formed alliances to protect themselves Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy Triple Entente: United Kingdom, France, and Russia

I mperialism Imperialism: the process by which European nations increased their influence and control over people and territory in Africa and Asia Imperialism increased tension between European countries because they were competing over markets and natural resources

N ationalism Nationalism: overwhelming pride for one’s country or nation Nationalism increased tension between European countries because of competition for power. Each country believed they were the BEST

America’s Early Role in the War Woodrow Wilson took an official stance of neutrality  While officially neutral, the United States was offering arms and loans to the Allied nations (Britain, France, and Russia) Election of 1916 – with the war raging in Europe, President Wilson runs for reelection  Slogan: “he kept us out of war” Wilson wins

Alliance System Allies (Triple Entente) – France, Great Britain, Russia Central Powers (Triple Alliance) – Germany, Austrian Empire, Ottoman Empire Later Japan, Italy, and U.S. enter, they remain neutral at the start of the war Selective Service Act of 1917 – WWI military draft

Reasons America Joins the War 1. Unrestricted submarine Warfare: Germany attacked every shipping vessel  made people angry because of the Sussex Pledge  Promise made by Germany to torpedo armed merchant ships, but not passenger ships without warning Sinking of the Lusitania  commercial ship, 114 American civilians died 2. Zimmermann Letter  message from Germany asking Mexico to become allies if the US entered the war Continued attacks on passenger ships and Zimmerman note led Wilson to ask to go to war. Stated, “We need to make the world safe for democracy.”

What is necessary to win a war? 4 M’s Money Men Munitions Morale