Sharing economY – definition, dynamics and debates – Koen Frenken

> 20 million members (EU) > 2 million accommodations (World) 2006 2008 > 20 million members (EU) > 2 million accommodations (World) 2011 2011 > 100,000 members (NL) > 100,000 members (NL)

D E F I N I T I O N Part 1

granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets Definition Consumers granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets Sharing economy

Definition Consumers granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets (possibly for money) Sharing economy

Definition Consumers granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets (possibly for money) Sharing economy

granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets Definition Consumers granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets Sharing economy

granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets Definition Consumers granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets Sharing economy

Consumers granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets

Consumers granting each other temporary access to under-utilised physical assets

D Y N A M I C S Part 2

Why does sharing scale so fast?

Why does sharing scale so fast? … because it is based on idle capacity

Country: The Netherlands. Source: KpVV, 2014

Traditional b2c rental model Sharing-economy c2c model Source: Meelen et al. 2015, draft

Onderzoek B2C C2C Constant -8.574*** (1.533) -0.949 (0.672)   B2C  C2C Constant -8.574*** (1.533) -0.949 (0.672) Number of cars 0.000*** (0.000) Population density 0.000* Distance to facilities -0.052 (0.029) -0.022* (0.010) Income 0.000 % vocational education -0.017 (0.014) -0.021*** (0.006) % university education 0.015 (0.011) 0.028*** (0.005) % one person households 0.028** 0.014** (0.004) % age 25-45 0.060*** (0.016) 0.019* (0.009) % age 45-65 0.073*** (0.017) 0.005 (0.08)  % age 65+ 0.008 (0.012) -0.008* % Western immigrants 0.029* (0.015) -0.033*** (0.007) % green party voters 0.246*** (0.045) 0.152*** (0.026) Municipal policy 0.388*** (0.066) 0.029 (0.031) Log Likelihood -1307.292 -4289.909 Mcfadden adj R2 0.361 0.189 N 2363 2363  Non-zero observations 438 1573 Onderzoek

Onderzoek B2C C2C Constant -8.574*** (1.533) -0.949 (0.672)   B2C  C2C Constant -8.574*** (1.533) -0.949 (0.672) Number of cars 0.000*** (0.000) Population density 0.000* Distance to facilities -0.052 (0.029) -0.022* (0.010) Income 0.000 % vocational education -0.017 (0.014) -0.021*** (0.006) % university education 0.015 (0.011) 0.028*** (0.005) % one person households 0.028** 0.014** (0.004) % age 25-45 0.060*** (0.016) 0.019* (0.009) % age 45-65 0.073*** (0.017) 0.005 (0.08)  % age 65+ 0.008 (0.012) -0.008* % Western immigrants 0.029* (0.015) -0.033*** (0.007) % green party voters 0.246*** (0.045) 0.152*** (0.026) Municipal policy 0.388*** (0.066) 0.029 (0.031) Log Likelihood -1307.292 -4289.909 Mcfadden adj R2 0.361 0.189 N 2363 2363  Non-zero observations 438 1573 Onderzoek

D E B A T E S Part 3

debate Distribution of welfare * monopoly * housing market * reputation * discrimination * (unfair) competition between old and new business models Labour * employment effects * platform dependence Economisation of society Privacy Rebound-effects

Twitter @kfrenken Blogs http://www.fastcoexist.com/3040863/stop-saying-uber-is-part-of-the-sharing-economy http://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2015/may/20/smarter-regulation-for-the-sharing-economy