AMERICAN SOCIAL RELATION INTRODUCTION & GREETING EMPHASIS ON INFORMALITY ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PERSONAL FRIENDSHIP

INTRODUCTION & GREETING GOAL GOOD MANNER RULES RANGE OF INTRODUCTION FORMAL INFORMAL TO PROVIDE OPPORTUNITY TO KNOW OTHER PEOPLE OFFICIAL, OR STATUS/AGE IS DIFFERENT; TITLE/ LAST NAME IS EXPECTED; LONG & COMPLETE LANGUAGE; HANDSHAKING IS EXPECTED DAILY OR CASUAL; TITLE/ LAST NAME IS IGNORED; BRIEF & REDUCED LANGUAGE; HANDSHAKING IS OPTIONAL MAN IS INTRODUCED TO WOMAN, YOUNGER TO THE OLDER, GUEST TO HOST, A PERSON TO GROUP; MAINTAIN NATURAL EYE CONTACT; FIRM & BRIEF HANDSHAKING, WOMAN EXTENDS HAND; SMALL TALK IS VERY NECESSARY

EQUALITY FOR ALL CLASSLESS SOCIETY TEND TO BE MODEST READY TO ADMIT WEAKNESS DISLIKE TO SHOW OFF DISLIKE TO BE CONSIDERED INFERIOR LADIES FIRST APPEARING GENTLEMAN BY PROTECTING AND SERVING WOMEN OBSCURITY OF SOCIALDISTINCTION APPRECIATION ON PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENT & SPORTMANSHIP COURTESY TO WOMAN DESPITE THE ADMISSION OF WOMAN-MAN EQUALITY EMPHASISONINFORMALITY

COMMUNI- CATION VERBAL NON-VERBAL AUTOMATIC EXPRESSION APPROPRIATE COMPLIMENTS RULES & STYLES: DIRECTNESS INVITATIONS TAKING-TURNS TRANSMIT 93% OF ATTITUDINAL/FEELING COMMUNICATION FORMS GESTURE EYE CONTACT SPATIAL NORMS CLOTHING & ACCESSORIES FACIAL EXPRESSION

RULES & STYLES OFSPEAKING  DIRECTNESS= Compared to other languages, American English strongly emphasizes directness in verbal interaction, as shown in: "Don't beat around the bush," "Let's get down to business" and "Get to the point". Such expressions indicate impatience with avoiding issues. However, there are limits to the degree of directness a person is allowed to express, especially with people of higher status such as employers and teachers. A student should not say "What has happened to you? You look like you gained a lot of weight!" to his teacher. She might reply, 'That's none of your business!"  Different from the hosts in most Eastern countries who are expected to offer food several times, but in the US theymay make an offer only once or twice.

RULES & STYLES OFSPEAKING  Invitations = a genuine invitation is extended which is indicated by a definite plan, a specific time and place. Sue: It was nice talking to you. Pat: OK, may be we can meet sometime soon. Sue: Yeah, love to. Why don’t you drop by my house sometime? Pat: Great. Gotta go. See ya soon. Jane: Before you leave for your vacation can we get together and have lunch? Theo: Sure, I'd love to, Jane: How about Friday? Say about 12:30 at my place? Theo: That sounds good. See you then.

RULES & STYLES OFSPEAKING  SPEAKING & REFRAINING: Many Americans interpret silence in a conversation to mean disapproval, disagreement, or unsuccessful communication. They often try to fill silence by saying something even if they have nothing to say! On the other hand, they don't appreciate a person who dominates a conversation. It’s better to wait until someone has finished a sentence before we contribute to a discussion. Interrupting someone who is speaking is considered rude in the U.S. Even children are taught explicitly not to interrupt.

 Tipping (as gratuity)=giving a small amount of money to another person for a service.  These are the most often tipped services: SERVICESTIP AMOUNT waiter/waitress15% of food bill porters$1 - $2 per bag barbers/hairdressers15% of bill taxi drivers10% - 15% of fare, no more than $1 room service at a hotel50 cents - $1 food delivery personsno less than $1

 DON’T TIP police officers, physicians, government employees or University employees. It may be interpreted as a bribe, which is illegal.  DON’T TIP bus drivers, theatre ushers, museum guides, salespeople, employees at fast food restaurants or hotel clerks

 Gifts are commonly given to relatives and close friends.  Gifts are sometimes given to people with whom one has a casual but friendly relationship, such as a host or hostess.  A gift is not necessary or even common to be given to teachers or others who hold official positions. The offering of gifts in these situations is sometimes interpreted as a possibly improper effort to gain favorable treatment from that person.

CLASSIFICATION OF NONVERBAL MESSAGES NONVERBAL MESSAGES VISUALKINESIKFACIALGESTURALEMBLEMILUSTRATOR AFFECT DISPLAYS REGULATORADAPTORSPOSTURALPROXEMICARTIFACTUALAUDITIVE PARALINGUIS TIC NONVISUAL NONAUDITIF TACTILE (TOUCH) OLFACTORY (SMELL)

Some Popular Emoticons (in Computer or SMS)

Relationships and Proxemic Distances