Any soil type, except laterite, with good depth, good internal drainage, favorable soil moisture and good soil O.M. Air temp >15 - <32 o C. Annual r.f.

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Presentation transcript:

Any soil type, except laterite, with good depth, good internal drainage, favorable soil moisture and good soil O.M. Air temp >15 - <32 o C. Annual r.f mm

 To improve soil physical properties; soil texture and structure 1. Optimize infiltration and reduce evaporation

To improve soil physical properties; soil texture and structure 2. Improve germination and root growth

soil texture and structure 3. Reduce erosion

 In Malaysia, normally acidic soil  lime is necessary at the rate of 2.52 t/ha of Dolomite.  Liming is sufficient once after 4-5 yrs.

By hand Machine

Dept of planting cm. Depend on soil type. Per ha needs kg depending on initial seed quality.

Plant pop density is more important than row width. TypedistanceNo. of plant /ha Sweet61 x 31 cm53,778 Dent91 x 23 cm47,802 Flint91 x 23 cm47,802

Guideline based on expected yield. Field environment Plant pop. (‘000) Yield potential t/ha Dry area Irrigated458-10

 The corn plant requires N and P soon after germination to initiate the growth of stems, leaves and ear structures.  Inadequate N availability during the first two to six weeks after planting can result in reduced yield potentials

 However, the majority of N is needed during the period of maximum growth (month prior to tasseling and silking) Sidedress N fertilizer applications insure that N is available during this period of highest need

Rate Basal, before planting Nitrogen - urea or Ammonium sulfate kg N/ha ( kg urea) or kg ammonium sulfate.

Rate Basal, before planting Phosphate - CIRP or TSP 65 kg P/ha (187 kg CIRP) or 147 kg TSP.

Rate Basal, before planting Potassium - MOP 65 kg P/ha (112 kg MOP)

Rate Side dressing, days after planting Nitrogen kg N/ha

Weeds Very critical during the first six to eight weeks after planting The term critical period is used to define how long weeds can be allowed to compete with the crop before yields are impacted.

Insects

Ostrinia sp. Borer esp. on stem. Symptom normally 6-7 wks after planting

Heliothis sp. Corn earworm.

Fungal Diseases 1. Karat (rust) daun, Puccinia spp

Diseases 2., Leaf blight (hawar), Helminthosporium maydis

Diseases 3. Smut, Ustilago mydis.

Bacteria Diseases 1. Bacterial wilt (layu daun bacteria), Erwinia stewartii

1. Typical corn plants develop 20 to 21 total leaves 2. silk about 65 days after emergence 3. mature around 125 days after emergence

As a guideline Sweet corn; 21 days after silking. Also known as ‘milk stage’. About 70 days after planting.

As a guideline grain corn; days after planting. Stalk and husks on ear are dry and turn brown.