STATES OF MATTER Self Study

Changes in State Click here to watch video on website

PHASE DIAGRAM Book video clip: click hereclick here

Phase Diagram MELTING FREEZING CONDENSATION VAPORIZAITON SUBLIMATION TRIPLE POINT

WHAT WORD DESCRIBES MOTION OR MOVEMENT ENERGY?

KINETIC ENERGY All matter’s particles are in constant motion

State of Matter is determined by Particle arrangement Energy of particles Distance b/w particles

KINETIC THEORY: SOLIDS Atoms are vibrating on a fixed point in a solid

TYPES OF SOLIDS Book video clip: click hereclick here

Amorphous Solid Has no organized internal structure Rubber Plastic Glass Asphalt Cotton Candy

COMPOUNDS WITH THE HIGHEST MELTING POINTS ARE….

Melting Points Strongest ( highest): Ionic Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Dipole-Dipole Lowest ( weakest) Dispersion

1. Ionic : strongest bond Bond kept together by…. Crystalline structure

Covalent Compounds have three interactions( intermolecular forces) that keep them together….

2. Hydrogen Bonding strongest covalent Highest MP & BP of covalent Hydrogen attracted to: N itrogen O xygen F luorine

3. Dipole-Dipole [polar]  - end attracted /// to  + end of another

4. Dispersion [nonpolar] weakest -a dipole is induced -lowest MP & BP interaction Induced  + Induced  -

KINETIC THEORY: LIQUIDS Particles are not bound together in fixed positions, but there is still some attractive forces keeping them close during movement.

Fluidity Particles flow, slide over each other

Viscosity 1. What was the difference between the two? 2. What do you think viscosity means?

KINETIC THEORY OF GASES Book clip: clip hereclip here

Gas Particles Assumption #1: Have a small volume Far apart from each other Independent : No attractive or repulsive forces

Gas Particles Assumption #2: Move: Rapid Independent Random Straight paths Only  direction when rebounding

Gas Particles Assumption #3 When particles collide, there collisions are elastic: no loss of energy it is transferred between the particles

GAS PRESSURE Force exerted when gas particles collide: click here click here

Pressure Units SI unit : Pascal (Pa) ▫ Sea level: kPa Millimeters of Mercury: mm Hg ▫ blood pressure Atmospheres: atm ▫ Atmospheric pressure Torr Pounds per Square Inch: PSI ▫ Tire pressure, scuba diving Bar ▫ Atmospheric pressure

Conversions of Pressure 1 atm = 760 mmHg = kPa 1 torr = 1 mm Hg 1 atm = 14.7 PSI 1 bar = 1 atm

Practice Converting A gas has a pressure of 1.50 atm. Convert to: a. Kilopascals b. Millimeters of mercury c. Pounds per Square Inch d. Torr e. Bar Show teacher work with answers

EVAPORATION VS CONDENSATION Eureka video clip: click hereclick here

Evaporation Find video on website

EQUILIBRIUM Book clip: click hereclick here

Evaporation/ Condensation Equilibrium

Evaporation/ Condensation Dynamic Equilibrium

Boiling Find video on website

Temperature Find video on website

MEASURING TEMPERATURE Eureka video clip: click hereclick here

TEMPERATURE Movement of particles

ABSOLUTE ZERO (0 K) No movement of particles

Absolute Zero (0 K) Find video on website

KINETIC ENERGY  TEMPERATURE  Kinetic Energy ↑ the Temp ↑

REMEMBER: K =273 +  C  F = (9/5  C) + 32

Exploring Heat Video Find video on website