Static Electricity Phenomena Lightning A Cat Leather car seats Ben Franklin and the kite. Sliding your feet on a rug.

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Presentation transcript:

Static Electricity

Phenomena Lightning A Cat Leather car seats Ben Franklin and the kite. Sliding your feet on a rug

What is electrical charge?

Electrical Charge Charged particles Created by adding or deleting electrons from an atom It cannot be created or destroyed. The Law of Conservation of Charge.

How are they transferred? What you rub two substances together you do work and thus you add energy. This removes electrons from one substances and adds it to thee other.

…more… This creates ions…which are changed particles. Removing electrons creates a positive charge. Adding electrons creates a negative charge.

Summary The energy used to rub two things together is the energy that gets involved in removing and transferring electrons.

Ionization Energy This is the energy required to remove an electron completely from an atom.

Materials Conductors Insulators Semi-conductors

Conductors Definition: Materials through which charges flow easily. Water Electrolytes The body d-block metals Copper

Insulators Definition: Materials through which charges do not flow easily. Plastics Wood Glass Fabric Rubber

Semi-conductors Definition: Materials with conductivity in between conductors and insulators. Silicone Germanium

The Electroscope

Definition A device that detects the presence of electric charge. It does not differentiate between positive and negative.

Charging By Induction Charging by proximity (nearness) Temporary By Conduction Charging by touching (contact) Permanent

Electrostatic Force Coulomb’s Law

Coulomb’s Research Coulomb experimented with charged spheres. He found that electrostatic force varied inversely with square of the distance between the spheres.

More Research… He also found that electrostatic force varied directly with magnitude of the charge. He combined these discoveries to make his law.

The Equation

What is K? K is Coulomb’s constant of proportionality.

What is q and d? q is the magnitude of the charge. d is the distance between the charged particles.

What is the unit of charge? The coulomb (C) is the basic unit of charge.

The Coulomb One electron has a charge of –1.6 X Coulombs One proton has a charge of 1.6 X Coulombs 1 C. = 6.25 X electrons