Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC General Chemistry, 5 th ed. Whitten, Davis & Peck Chapter 3 Definitions Left click your mouse to continue.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC DIRECTIONS This slide show presentation is designed to function like flash cards. To check your answer, and/or to move on to the next slide, simply left click your mouse.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC ACTUAL YIELD The amount of a specified pure product actually obtained from a given reaction.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC BURET A piece of volumetric glassware, usually graduated in 0.1 mL intervals, that is used in titrations to deliver solutions in a quantitative (dropwise) manner

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC CHEMICAL EQUATION Description of a chemical reaction by placing the formulas of reactants on the left and the formulas of products on the right of an arrow. A chemical equation must be balanced. –It must have the same number of each kind of atom on both sides.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC CONCENTRATION The amount of solute per unit volume or mass of solvent or of solution.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC DILUTION The process of reducing the concentration of a solute in solution, usually simply by mixing with more solvent.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC END POINT The point at which an indicator changes color and a titration is stopped.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC EQUIVALENCE POINT The point at which chemically equivalent amounts of reactants have reacted.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC INDICATORS For acid-base titrations, organic compounds that exhibit different colors in solutions of different acidities; used to determine the point at which reaction between two solutes is complete.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC LIMITING REACTANT A substance that stoichiometrically limits the amount of product(s) that can be formed.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC MOLARITY (M) The number of moles of solute per liters of solution: mol/L

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC PERCENT BY MASS 100% multiplied by the mass of a solute divided by the mass of the solution in which it is contained.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC PERCENT YIELD 100% times actual yield divided by theoretical yield: (AY/TY) * 100%

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC PRODUCTS Substances produced in a chemical reaction

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC REACTANTS Substances consumed in a chemical reaction

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC REACTION RATIO The relative amounts if reactants and products involved in a reaction; may be the ratio of moles, millimoles, or masses

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC REACTION STOICHIOMETRY Description of the quantitative relationships among substances as they participate in chemical reactions.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC SEQUENTIAL REACTION A chemical process in which several reaction stps are required to convert starting materials into products.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC SOLUTE The dispersed (dissolved) phase of a solution

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC SOLUTION A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC SOLVENT The dispersing medium of a solution.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC STANDARD SOLUTION A solution of accurately known concentrations

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC STOICHIOMETRY Description of the quantitative relationships among elements and compounds as they undergo chemical changes

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC THEORETICAL YIELD The maximum amount of a specified product that could be obtained from specified amounts of reactants, assuming complete consumption of the limiting reactant according to only one reaction and complete recovery of the product.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC TITRATION The process by which the volume of a standard solution required to react with a specific amount of a substance is determined. Process in which a solution of one reactant, the titrant, is carefully added to a solution of another reactant, and the volume of titrant required for complete reaction is measured.

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC % solute =? % solute = (mass of solute) x 100% mass of solution

Created by Tara L. Moore, MGCCC DILUTION EQUATION V 1 M 1 =V 2 M 2