1 Special Health Concerns Chapter 10

2 Reduce risk of osteoporosis by eating dairy foods and staying active –Calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin D Following the Dietary Guidelines to protect against heart disease, high blood pressure some forms of cancer and other health problems

3 Eating Disorder Behavior related to food, eating and weight that is extremely unhealthy and often related to emotional problems Mainly in teens and young adults

4 Anorexia nervosa Ignores feelings of hunger and eats very little or refuses to eat See themselves as overweight when they are actually underweight **starvation can damage the heart

5 Bulimia nervosa Repeatedly binges, or eats large amounts of food at a time To prevent weight gain, person might purge (laxatives or vomiting) **may exercise excessively Often they are normal weight

6 Bulimia Stomach acids damage teeth and injure mouth and throat Vomiting can cause stomach to rupture Can be malnourished

7 Binge Eating Binges but does not purge or exercise excessively May be overweight or may “seesaw” between losing and gaining weight

8 Dangers of Eating Disorders Emotional illness Can have long term effects Heart and kidney problems, breathing difficulties, digestive troubles and death

9 How To Get Help Parent, teacher, counselor, doctor, etc Sooner treatment begins, better chances for recovery Support from family/friends promote recovery

10 Nutrition & Illness Plenty of fluids Help person sit comfortably Serve nutritious meals attractively Be calm and patient if you eat with ill person

11 Soft foods help if the person can’t chew or swallow easily Sick person may need small frequent meals Use disposable dishes, cups, napkins to stop the spread

12 Special Diets for Health Problems Food intolerance – means that the body has trouble digesting or handling a component of food **Gluten intolerance – can’t digest gluten –Found in wheat and other grains

13 Lactose intolerance – the inability to adequately digest lactose, the natural sugar found in milk and milk products Symptoms: Nausea, stomach pain, gas and diarrhea Drink milk with other foods in servings of 1 C or less Try eating milk products with less lactose Look in dairy section for “lactose-reduced” or “lactose free”

14 Ask doctor if you can take a supplement to help your body digest Avoiding milk products not always the smart way to deal with it Need calcium for bones

15 Food Allergy Sensitivity to food that involves the body’s immune system System reacts to food as if it were an illness Symptom: rash, itching, stomach cramps, breathing problems, headache, nausea, vomiting

16 True food allergies not common Milk, eggs, wheat, peanuts, soy, tree nuts (almond & pecans), fish, shellfish (shrimp & lobster) Consult health professional to diagnose and treat

17 Diabetes Condition in which the body can’t control levels of sugar in the blood properly 2 types Type 1 – in juveniles Body doesn’t produce enough insulin Type 2 – linked to obesity (most common) Body doesn’t use the insulin it produces

18 Oral meds and insulin may be necessary lifelong concern if they develop it young As you age risk increases by: overweight

19 Modified Diets Special eating plan that helps keep a medical condition under control Low-fat, low-cholesterol diet Low-sodium diet lowers blood pressure –Also helps with kidney problems High-fiber diet helps digestive problems (constipation)

20 Food & Medications Tips for taking meds Follow directions for how and when to take meds Some with food to avoid upset stomach Some without food because food slows absorption of meds

21 Summary Good nutrition helps lower the risk for a variety of health problems Eating disorders are characterized by extreme and unhealthy behavior. These emotional illnesses need professional help.

22 Good nutrition can help speed recovery for someone who is ill A person who is following a special diet needs to make careful food choices Food can help or hinder your body’s uses of medicines