EU Basic Safety Directive 2013/59/Euratom TRAINING COURSE ON TECHNICAAL REQUIREMENTS TO FULFILL NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS FOR THE SAFE MANAGEMENT OF DSRS IP-INT9176, Tunisia, 16-20 February 2015

Legal Basis – the Euratom Treaty(1957) Article 2: the Community shall establish uniform standards .to protect the health of workers and of the general public and ensure that they are applied; Article 30: Basic standards shall be laid down within the Community for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against dangers arising from ionising radiations: »  maximum permissible doses compatible with adequate safety »  maximum permissible levels of exposure and contamination »  fundamental principles governing the health surveillance of workers 2 2

Consolidation of European Radiation Protection Legislation Basic Safety Standards, Directive 96/29/Euratom Medical Exposures, Directive 97/43/Euratom Public Information, Directive 89/618/Euratom Outside Workers, Directive 90/641/Euratom Control of high-activity sealed radioactive sources and orphan 2003/122/Euratom Radon, Commission Recommendation 90/143/Euratom

Motivation for revision of BSSD New ICRP recommendations 2007 Need to strengthen certain requirements and to allow for experience since 1996 New scientific data; e.g. cataracts, epidemiological findings on radon in dwellings Harmonisation with the revision of the IAEA Basic Safety Standards

Main Changes from previous Directive Main changes relating to protection of the public include: Use of graded approach Closer alignment with ICRP and IAEA standards Revised definition of high activity sealed sources (HASS) and use of IAEA ‘D-values’ Increased emphasis on managing orphan sources Contaminated land – use of reference levels

Introduce more binding requirements on natural radiation sources Further changes Introduce more binding requirements on natural radiation sources » Cover NORM industries » Building material » Radon in dwellings and in work places » Cosmic radiation (exposure to air crew and space crew) Harmonisation of exemption and clearance criteria

Chapters of the Directive I - Subject matter and Scope II - Definitions III - System of Protection IV - Requirements for Radiation Protection, Education, Training and Information V - Justification and Regulatory Control of Practices

Chapters of the Directive VI - Occupational exposure VII - Medical exposures VIII - Public Exposures IX - General responsibilities of Member States and Competent Authorities

General requirements for sealed sources (1) 1. Ensure arrangements for keeping control of sealed sources with regard to their location, use and, when no longer required, their recycling or disposal. 2. Require the undertaking to keep records of all sealed sources under its responsibility, including location, transfer and disposal.

Sealed Sources (2) 3. Establish a system to enable them to be adequately informed of any transfer of high activity sealed sources and where necessary individual transfers of sealed sources. 4. Require each undertaking holding a sealed source to notify the competent authority promptly of any loss, significant leakage, theft or unauthorised use of a sealed source.

Requirements for control of high-activity sealed sources Adequate arrangements have been made for the safe management and control of sources, including when they become disused sources. Such arrangements may provide for the transfer of disused sources to the supplier or their placement in a disposal or storage facility or an obligation for the manufacturer or the supplier to receive them;

Detection of orphan sources (1) Encourage the establishment of systems aimed at detecting orphan sources in places such as large metal scrap yards and major metal scrap recycling instal­ lations where orphan sources may generally be encountered, or at significant nodal transit points, wherever appropriate.

Detection of orphan sources (2) Ensure that specialised technical advice and assistance is promptly made available to persons who suspect the presence of an orphan source and who are not normally involved in operations subject to radiation protection requirements. The primary aim of advice and assistance shall be the protection of workers and members of the public from radiation and the safety of the source.

Recovery, management, control and disposal of orphan sources (1) Ensure that the competent authority… has made provision, including assignment of responsibilities, to control and recover orphan sources and to deal with emergencies due to orphan sources and have drawn up appropriate response plans and measures.

Recovery, management, control and disposal of orphan sources (2) Ensure that campaigns are organised, as appropriate, to recover orphan sources left behind from past practices. Ensure that a financial security system or other equivalent means is established to cover intervention costs relating to the recovery of orphan sources…

This project/activity is conducted by the IAEA, with funding by the European Union. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission.