Chapter 19 Study Notes: The Ocean Basins

1 A ________ ______ is part of the continental margin. A ________ ______ is part of the continental margin. –continental –shelf

2 A large body of saline water that may be __________ by land is a _____. A large body of saline water that may be __________ by land is a _____. –surrounded –sea.

3 A _______ is made up of minerals. A _______ is made up of minerals. –nodule.

4 A piece of sediment collected by drilling is a ____ ______. A piece of sediment collected by drilling is a ____ ______. –core –sample.

5 Continental _________ are made up of the continental rise, continental slope, and continental shelf. Continental _________ are made up of the continental rise, continental slope, and continental shelf. –margins

6 __________ plate boundaries cause deep ocean _______. __________ plate boundaries cause deep ocean _______. –Convergent –trenches.

7 _________ _____, ______, and ____________ are tools used by scientists to study the deep ocean. _________ _____, ______, and ____________ are tools used by scientists to study the deep ocean. –Drilling ships, –sonar, –bathyscaphs

8 Earth’s oceans cover about ______ th’s of Earth’s _______. Earth’s oceans cover about ______ th’s of Earth’s _______. –¾ th’s –surface.

9 _________ from turbidity currents creates ________ canyons and the continental rise. _________ from turbidity currents creates ________ canyons and the continental rise. –Erosion –submarine

10 Most _____-______ ridges form _______ sea level. Most _____-______ ridges form _______ sea level. –mid- –ocean –below

11 Ocean sediments are _______ on the _______ plains. Ocean sediments are _______ on the _______ plains. –thinnest –abyssal

12 Of all the water on Earth, ____ is found in the _______. Of all the water on Earth, ____ is found in the _______. –97% –oceans.

13 Scientists use ______ to calculate the ______ of the ocean floor. Scientists use ______ to calculate the ______ of the ocean floor. –sonar –depth

14 ________ are most likely to form in _____ _______. ________ are most likely to form in _____ _______. –Seamounts –hot –spots.

15 _________ from rivers spread over the deep-ocean basins by means of ________ _________. _________ from rivers spread over the deep-ocean basins by means of ________ _________. –Sediments –turbidity –currents.

16 ________________ stands for “SOund ______________________ And Ranging”. ________________ stands for “SOund ______________________ And Ranging”. –SONAR –Navigation

17 _______ uses sound waves to measure the sea floor. _______ uses sound waves to measure the sea floor. –Sonar

18 The continental ____ has a ______ slope and usually has less than 100 meters of water above it. The continental ____ has a ______ slope and usually has less than 100 meters of water above it. –shelf –gentle

19 The _____ and largest ocean on Earth is the _______. The _____ and largest ocean on Earth is the _______. –deepest –Pacific.

20 The _______ place in Earth’s crust is a _________. The _______ place in Earth’s crust is a _________. –deepest –trench.

21 The first step in a ______ transmission is to send out a series of _______ waves. The first step in a ______ transmission is to send out a series of _______ waves. –sonar –sound.

22 The _______ regions on Earth are __________ plains. The _______ regions on Earth are __________ plains. –flattest –abyssal

23 The _________ ________ is best known for its depth. The _________ ________ is best known for its depth. –Mariana –Trench

24 The _____-_______ ridges in Iceland are unusual because they rise _____ sea level. The _____-_______ ridges in Iceland are unusual because they rise _____ sea level. –mid- –ocean –above

25 To see the bottom of the ocean for him or herself while remaining connected to a research ship, a scientist would use a _____________________. To see the bottom of the ocean for him or herself while remaining connected to a research ship, a scientist would use a _____________________. –bathysphere.

In addition to these notes study the diagram on the top of pages so that you can identify the different features found on the seafloor including the following: In addition to these notes study the diagram on the top of pages so that you can identify the different features found on the seafloor including the following:

continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, trench, mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plain