Cells exchange materials through the cell membrane Cells exchange materials through the cell membrane What does exchange mean? What does exchange mean? To bring in or remove To bring in or remove Raw materials come in, waste goes out Raw materials come in, waste goes out Cellular Exchange

The cell membrane is semipermeable. The cell membrane is semipermeable. This means that only some substances can pass through it. This means that only some substances can pass through it. Only small particles can go through.

Moving Small Particles Passive Transport – the movement of particles across a cell membrane without using cell energy. Passive Transport – the movement of particles across a cell membrane without using cell energy. Particles move across the cell membrane through openings called “channels”. Particles move across the cell membrane through openings called “channels”.

Diffusion Diffusion is the movement of small particles from high concentration (crowded) to low concentration (less crowded). Diffusion is the movement of small particles from high concentration (crowded) to low concentration (less crowded). Moves gases and sugars Moves gases and sugars Cells do not need energy for diffusion Cells do not need energy for diffusion

Diffusion of Water Osmosis Osmosis diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane from high concentration to low concentration diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane from high concentration to low concentration Occurs in both plant and animal cells Occurs in both plant and animal cells

Moving Large Particles Active transport – moving particles from low concentration (less crowded) to high concentration (more crowded) using energy Active transport – moving particles from low concentration (less crowded) to high concentration (more crowded) using energy Energy is in the form of ATP Energy is in the form of ATP

Moving Large Particles using Active Transport Endocytosis – brings a particle into the cell (uses energy) Endocytosis – brings a particle into the cell (uses energy) Exocytosis – removes a particle from a cell (uses energy) Exocytosis – removes a particle from a cell (uses energy) Vesicles surround the particles being moved in and out of the cell Vesicles surround the particles being moved in and out of the cell

Concept Web Wordbank Semipermeable Semipermeable Endocytosis Endocytosis Exocytosis Exocytosis Sugars Sugars Low concentration to high concentration Low concentration to high concentration Passive transport Passive transport High concentration to low concentration High concentration to low concentration Small particles Small particles Large particles Large particles Active transport Active transport Water Water Diffusion Diffusion ATP ATP Osmosis Osmosis Gases Gases Cellular exchange Cellular exchange