Energy Its Nature, Forms, Sources, & Transformations Global Warming Greenhouse gases Carbon Footprint

Topics What Energy is Sources of energy  Renewable – Nonrenewable  Traditional – Alternative Different Forms of energy  Temperature Scales Transformations between forms Analysis and Perspectives  Global Warming: Greenhouse gases and Carbon Footprint

Key Terms Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Mass Endothermic Exothermic Renewable Nonrenewable Kilowatt Kilowatt - Hour Temperature Heat Thermal Energy Mechanical Energy Gravitational Energy Nuclear Energy Radiant Energy Chemical Energy Electrical Energy

What is Energy? Energy helps us do many things. Energy is defined as the ability to do work. Energy makes things move. It makes heat & light. It makes technology work. It makes things grow.

Sources of Energy Traditional vs Alternative Renewable vs Nonrenewable

Sources of Energy

Forms of Energy All forms of energy fall under two categories Potential Potential energy is stored energy and energy of position Kinetic Kinetic energy is motion. It is the motion of waves, electrons, atoms, molecules, & substances Radiant Energy This is electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves. Radiant energy includes visible light, x-rays, gamma rays, and radio waves. Solar energy is an example. Chemical Energy Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. Biomass, petroleum, natural gas, propane, and coal are examples. Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. It is the energy that holds the nucleus together. Stored Mechanical Energy This is energy stored in objects or substances by the application of force. Compressed metal springs and stretched rubber bands are examples. Thermal Energy Thermal energy is the total amount of kinetic energy of all the atoms in an object. Heat is the transfer of this energy. Motion The movement of objects or substances from one place to another is motion. Wind is an example. Sound Sound is the movement of energy through objects or substances in longitudinal waves. Gravitational Energy This is the energy of place or position. Water held in a reservoir behind a dam is an example. When water is released to spin the turbines it becomes motion energy. Electrical Energy This is the movement of electrons. Lightning and electricity are examples.

Transformations of Energy The Engine in your car: Transforms chemical energy into kinetic energy. An electric motor in an elevator: Transforms electric energy into gravitational potential energy. Rube Goldberg Machine

Temperature Scales Fahrenheit - °F Water  Freezing = 32 °F  Boiling = 212 °F 0 °F is temp. of snow and salt mixture Used only in the US F = (9/5 x C) + 32 Celsius - °C Water  Freezing = 0 °C  Boiling = 100 °C Used throughout the world but only in laboratories within the US C = 5/9 x (F – 32) A thermometer measures temperature. Temperature is the average amount of thermal energy of each particle in an object.

Transformations of Energy Details about this topic Supporting information and examples How it relates to your audience

Rube Goldberg Machine Wind blows kite which pulls cord releasing shirt which drops boot closing switch which turns on iron which burns squirrel causing it to jump into basket releasing woodpecker to peck and thereby sharpen the pencil.

Cog Movie

Analysis & Perspectives Global Climate Change Greenhouse Gases Carbon Footprint Energy Consumption Energy Flow Energy Sources and Sectors Petroleum Flow

Global Warming

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Per capita greenhouse gas emission

Carbon Footprints A “footprint” is what is left behind as a result of activities The carbon footprint is a measure of the global amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases emitted by a human activity or accumulated over the full life cycle of a product or service A Carbon Footprint is generally expressed as a CO 2 equivalent (usually in kilograms or tonnes) Two forms  Life Cycle concept: What is the total emission of CO 2 or other greenhouse gases for the entire life of some product or activity. This includes during manufacturing, transporting, using, and disposing.  Personal concept: What is the total emission of CO 2 due to the actions of an individual over a period of 1 year.