Presentation for the Gas and Coal Outburst Seminar Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts Mark Harris Training and Safety Manager Black Diamond Training & Safety Solutions Welcome -

Presentation for the Gas and Coal Outburst Seminar Training Themes - ‘If in Doubt…………….Stay Out’ 'The more we know……….the more we can do'

Presentation for the Gas and Coal Outburst Seminar Introduction - - A systematic and well planned self-escape strategy is critical when mine emergency incidents occur such as fire, explosions and gas and coal Outbursts - In the event of these incidents – lives are in danger - The objectives of personal safety and escape strategies is effective training, live work environments, escape equipment and the knowledge of emergency escape-ways - All underground mine personnel must be equipped and capable of timely self-escape under adverse conditions and hazardous atmospheres and consider your personal safety at all times

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 1. ESCAPE 2. FREEK 3. Survival 4. CISD 5.Training 6. ANTS Escape Strategy ESCAPEFREEKSurvivalCISDTraining ANTS

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 1. ESCAPE E - Environment - CO2 - CH4 - Oxygen - Dust - Unstable Strata S -Situation Awareness C -CSE Preparation A -Apply CSE P -Plan Escape E -Escape and Evacuate Escape Strategy ESCAPE FREEK Surviva l CISDTraining ANTS

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 1. ESCAPE E - Environment - CO2 - CH4 - Oxygen - Dust – Unstable Strata S -Situation Awareness C -CSE Preparation A -Apply CSEFresh Air - Safety P -Plan Escape E -Escape and Evacuate

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 2. FREEK F -First R -Response E -Emergency E -Evacuation K -Kit Escape Strategy ESCAPE FREEK SurvivalCISDTraining ANTS

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 2. FREEK F -First - Change over to CABA - R -Response E -Emergency E -Evacuation Fresh Air - Safety K -Kit

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 3. Survival Family Friends Future ‘Home safe…….every day’ Escape Strategy ESCAPEFREEK Survival CISDTraining ANTS

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 4. CISD Management of Traumatic Incident Traumatic Stress Disorder C -Critical I -Incident S -Stress D -De-brief - Debrief - Counselling - Support Escape Strategy ESCAPEFREEK Survival CISD Training ANTS

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 5. Training - Competent and Effective P -Practical A -Authentic R -Realistic Where possible the recommendation is: Conduct training scenarios regularly Design simulated scenarios Not a simulated environment Implement quality assessment strategies Provide feedback - Conduct training in the live work environment - - Conduct training in the real workplace - Escape Strategy ESCAPE FREE K Survival CISD Training ANTS

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 6. ANTS - Action Learning Program A -Associated N -Non T -Technical S -Skills Leadership Teamwork Communications Decision Making Situation Awareness Escape Strategy ESCAPEFREEK Survival CISDTraining ANTS

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts What are Associated Non ‐ Technical Skills? - ANTS - Mine Officials Programs will now include the Associated Non Technical Skills (ANTS) strategy. That is, the cognitive, social and personal resource skills that complement technical skills and contribute to safe and efficient task performance and personal safety

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - ANTS - LeadershipTeam work Communications Decision Making Situation Awareness

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - Suggested Framework - 1. ESCAPE 2. FREEK 3. Survival 4. CISD 5. Training 6. ANTS Escape Strategy ESCAPEFREEKSurvivalCISDTraining ANTS

Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts - References - RIIERR203D Escape from Hazardous Situations Unaided (Training Package) RIIERR402D Apply and Monitor Underground Coalmining Emergency Preparedness and Response Systems (Study Guide) MDG 1020 ‘Guidelines for Underground Emergency Escape Systems and provision of self rescuers’ MDG 1022 ‘Guidelines for determining withdrawal conditions from underground coal mines’ MDG 3006 ‘Code for Chemical Oxygen (KO2) Self Rescuers’ MDG 3609 ‘Escape Breathing Apparatus for Underground Coal Mines Applications’ AS/NZS 1716 ‘Respiratory Protection Devices’ NIOSH - Research Report on Strategies for Escape and Rescue from Underground Coal Mines - Alexander (et al, 2010) Publication No Pittsburgh USA

Your thoughts? What could we do better to improve Personal Safety and Escape Strategies following Gas and Coal Outbursts? Thank you for your participation - Training Themes - ‘If in Doubt…………….Stay Out’ 'The more we know……….the more we can do'

Compiler’s Note: The following discussion has not been checked for accuracy by the presenter. Questions and Discussion Bob Myatt, Mine Safety Officer, DMI, Wollongong – We have been conducting safety audits of the mines and have generally found that the underground crews are well trained, but the paperwork covering how they plan and organise emergencies lets the mines down. I am sure that the crews themselves, especially with the training they do in the Southern Region, know how and could get out safely. Ting Ren, University of Wollongong – from your observations, are the mines prepared for handling an outburst situation? Mark – Our system is in good shape. They are prepared. Not all mines have oxygen- based units. Some mines, who conduct a risk assessment, have filter self-rescuers. In my opinion, they are well trained and prepared to handle an outburst incident. John Sleigh, Dept Natural Resources and Mining, Queensland – I would like to comment from the Queensland perspective. We just conducted an audit and found that while the underground blokes are right on top of procedures, the blokes who work in the office, the longwall co-ordinators and probably even the methane drainage engineers do not practice the exercises anywhere near enough. An outsiders’ observation.

Mark - They are also underground personnel. If they are not well trained, they are at risk. It probably happens in NSW as well. Ian Gray, Sigra – A comment has been made that the men know what they are doing but the mines are not real good on the paperwork. I have come to the opinion that we are so overwhelmed by paperwork, that it is an absolute turn-off to people knowing what they need to do. People need to understand what the circumstances are and know how to respond to the circumstances. No amount of box ticking will make it any better. Pretty little answers during an induction lecture where somebody says “you do this, this and this, now tick these boxes”. This will lead to disaster. It does not follow understanding of exactly what has to be done in an outburst. We are going down the tick-box path increasingly. Mark – I agree. The most effective training is practical where people demonstrate they can do what they have been taught, not just tick a box to indicate they know the theory. The practical application in the live working environment is the ideal training situation.

Bob Kininmonth, President, Outburst Seminar Committee – Mark asked the question “how often do you get trained?”. No matter whether it is each 3 months, 6 months or 12 months, the emphasis was that training is necessary. The reason mark is speaking to this subject today is that someone in the audience at our November, 2013 seminar said he did not know what to do if an outburst occurred. We hope there will never be another outburst, but we know they will continue to occur and they can be serious. Mark has given us an indication of some of the things that can be done to make some of the people safer if an event occurs. Mark – Complacency can be a killer. People may think they know they can do it, but they won’t really know until they demonstrate what they know in a live work-place.