The Nervous system. The Nervous System Brain Spinal cord Nerves Enables you to control your body Gives you feedback about the world What does it do? What.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The brain is a complex organ consisting of several different regions. The CEREBRUM is the largest part of the brain and is divided into 2 connecting hemispheres.

Advertisements

B1- Understanding organisms.

How a Stimulus Elicits a Response

Coordination and Response Nervous control in Humans

Nervous System GCSE Science Chapter 2.

Reflex Arcs SNAB Topic 8 Grey Matter Lesson 3. Learning Objectives Describe the path of nerve impulses in reflex arcs Describe the path of nerve impulses.

How and why do organisms respond to changes in their environment? Can you list what is required for a coordinated response? What makes up the CNS? Can.

The Nervous System Noadswood Science, 2011.

Co-ordination and Control

Reflex arc starter 1 ©

Learning question: How do animals detect stimuli?

Nervous System. How did our nervous system work in the Impulse Activity we just completed? How did our nervous system work in the Impulse Activity we.

Stimuli and Response-Notes

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. DEFINITION the body’s communicator electrical & chemical changes relay messages nerves are strings of neurons (special cells) that.

14/09/2015 Brain and Mind (OCR). 14/09/2015 The Nervous System The CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) enables us to react to our surroundings. It consists mainly.

NERVOUS SYSTEM Its function is to control and co-ordinate the parts of the body.

National 5 Biology Course Notes Unit 2 : Multicellular Organisms Part 3 : Control and communication.

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. The Nervous System Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System BrainSpinal cord Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves Ganglia.

DO NOW : List as many functions of the brain as you can. How do you think the brain coordinates all the different activities? Objectives: 1.Describe the.

Nervous System. Learning Outcomes Understand the role of the Nervous System Understand what Stimuli, Receptors and Effectors are Understand what the role.

HUMAN RESPONSES TO THE ENVIRONMENT Two systems to be studied: 1.Nervous system 2.Endocrine system.

Introduction to the Nervous System The Nervous System consists of the brain, spinal cord and thousands of nerves. The Brain and Spinal Cord are collectively.

The Nervous System.

Lecture 4: Reflexes and Spinal Circuits. Sensory systems CNS Movement Afferent pathway Efferent pathway.

The Nervous System.  The function of the nervous system is to allow the animal to quickly detect, communicate and co- ordinate information about its.

Neuron Structure and Function. Nervous System  Nervous system is composed of specialized cells called neurons.  Neurons have long “arms” called axons.

The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System the center of all thought, learning and memory.

The Reflex Arc Nerve impulses follow routes through the nervous system called nerve pathways. Some of the simplest nerve pathways consist of only two neurons.

The Nervous System Control and coordinate the body parts and processes. It receives sensory stimuli from internal and external environments. It responds.

Nervous System Controls and coordinates your body's activities and helps you sense and respond to changes in your environment.

Nervous System By: Riley Russell. Autonomic Nervous System.

One mistake and you have to start again!

Nervous communication IGCSE Biology: The Human Nervous System and the Eye.

Reflexes L.O: To know what a reflex is and how they work

November 2015 Objectives: To describe the pathway nervous impulses travel through a reflex To observe reflexes and reaction times Journal: List the layers.

Tri-teach The nervous system. Responding to change Our bodies have 2 ways of responding to change: The nervous system for fast, short term responses.

Nervous System.

 What organ coordinates most of the activities of the nervous system?  Through what part of the body do most messages reach or leave the brain?  The.

Nervous System. Structures  Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves Function  Recognizes and coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal.

NERVOUS SYSTEM Its function is to control and co-ordinate the parts of the body.

Lesson Overview Lesson Overview The Peripheral Nervous System Lesson Overview 33.4 The Peripheral Nervous System.

Coordination and Response in Plants and Animals Receptors, Effectors and the Central Nervous System.

Coordination and Response Explain the role of the nervous and hormonal systems in coordinating the activities of the body. Describe the structure and function.

Aim: What are the parts of a reflex arc? I. Reflex – involuntary response to a stimulus. A. Stimulus – any change in the environment that causes a response.

How a Stimulus Elicits a Response

Nervous System By the end of the lesson you should be able to  Describe the transmission of impulses from senses to central nervous system and back to.

Nervous System Axons Take information away from the cell body Dendrites Bring information to the cell body.

Nervous System By the end of the lesson you should be able to  Describe the transmission of impulses from senses to central nervous system and back to.

Bell ringer Where can you find a sensory neuron? Interneuron? Motor neuron?

29.2 Neurons Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 39 Topic: 29.2 Nervous System and Neurons Essential Question(s): 1.Draw and label a neuron on pg. 38 in picture.

Lesson Overview Lesson Overview The Peripheral Nervous System Lesson Overview 33.4 The Peripheral Nervous System.

Reflex Arcs Nervous System. Reacting to Changes You need to keep the conditions inside your body constant. Doing this is called homeostasis. Small changes.

Nervous System. Meet Your Nervous System You have about 150 billion brain cells Your brain is about 2% of your body’s weight, but it uses about 20% of.

 Central Nervous System (CNS)  Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Next page Unit B6 Brain and Mind.

Nerves Neurones T R E C E L P E E L T O E R S L S P C R I E N D M E I A M N U G P U L M P I S E A S H S T S A N E D L L S T O A N G N N R E A E U R S O.

Spinal reflexes The reflex arc.

Nervous system.

How a Stimulus Elicits a Response

The Senses and Nervous System

NERVOUS SYSTEM.

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The nervous system.

Types of Neurons.

Presentation transcript:

The Nervous system

The Nervous System Brain Spinal cord Nerves Enables you to control your body Gives you feedback about the world What does it do? What are its component parts?

Look away if you’re squeamish… A dissected brain, spinal cord and sections of major nerves.

The Cells of the Nervous System - Neurones

The route impulses take

Effectors – Sensory neurone Motor neurone Relay neurones (in brain or spinal cord)

The Spine You don’t need to know any of these little details – just remember that the spinal cord carries messages to and from the brain.

The spine – the message motorway

Effects of a spinal cord injury on breathing With a spinal cord injury of C4 and higher, all the muscles which control breathing will be paralysed. These are the intracostal muscles, the diaphragm and the abdominal muscles. In order to breathe, the person will need a machine called a ventilator to breath for them. In order to cough, the person will need help by way of a carer performing an assisted cough procedure. Injuries between C4 and T6 will leave the person able to breathe on their own. However, because the intracostal muscles may be weakened or paralysed depending on the level of injury, breathing may be done solely or mainly by the diaphragm. Again, coughing may also be a problem. Injuries between T6 and T12 do not normally affect breathing. However the ability to cough will be impaired. It is only with injuries below T12 that normal breathing and cough reflexes are preserved.

Left: sensory neurone Right: motor neurone

Above: Sensory Neurone Below: Motor Neurone

Diagrams and Drawings in Biology

Nerves – bundles of neurones

Close-up of a nerve

Single neurones in cross-section

How Impulses Pass from Neurone to Neurone – the Synapse

Synapses

Reflex Reactions – bypassing the brain for extra speed

Reflex Reactions Can you think of any? Startle reflex – moving away, contraction of arm and leg muscles, blinking, breathing changes Withdrawal reflex – moving away from potentially harmful influences (e.g. high temperature) Iris reflex – pupil becomes smaller in bright light

Knee Jerk Reflex

Why the knee jerk reflex? This reflex is quite useful for walking. Every time you put weight on your foot, your muscles contract to support you. Without this reflex, we would all look silly staggering around, having to consciously think about working our muscles for each step, but with the muscles reacting too hopelessly late to be useful. Chewing gum at the same time would be out of the question.

Rod and Cone cells

Iris Reflex

Look at the difference between the two eyes

Accommodation of the eye