Co-Simulation of Computer Networks and Power Grid Prof. Vincenzo Liberatore Research supported in part by NSF CCR , Department of Commerce TOP , Department of Energy DE-FC26-06NT42853, an OhioICE training grant, and the Wright Center for Sensor Systems Engineering. Joint work with Prof. M. Branicky, Dr. A. Al-Hammouri, and D. Agarwal

Intelligent Power Grid Power grid –Essential to economy, national security, public health –Mostly designed and deployed prior to microprocessors, computer networks –As a result, assets underutilized, subject to massive failures Objectives –Collaborative management, planning, and operations –Situational awareness and control –Plug-and-play asset integration –Market dynamics Reduce peak prices Stabilize costs when supply is limited.

First step: Co-simulation Modelica ( –Modeling and simulation of large-scale physical systems –Several libraries (e.g., Standard, Power systems, Hydraulics, Pneumatics, Power train) ns-2 ( –Simulating routing, transport, and application protocols over wired, wireless, local- and wide area networks Integrating state-of-the-art simulators

Integrating Modelica & ns-2 Electrical power systems simulated using Modelica DC & AC (abc & dqo) generators, transmission lines, loads, machines, breakers & faults, … Networks simulated using ns-2

Configuration parameters Transient disturbances Voltage set pointPI controllerP controller Voltage sensor Transient disturbance Impedance loadRotational sourcePM generator Symmetrical capacitor Power sensor Ground

Queued packets

Results (1) Multimedia application consumes only 0.25 Mbps of the 3 Mbps bottleneck link

Results (2) Multimedia application consumes 2.5 Mbps of the 3 Mbps bottleneck link

Conclusions Intelligent Power Grid –Situational awareness and distributed control Co-simulation –Joint simulation of networks and grid dynamics –Integration and synchronization of simulators –Example with remote sensing of voltage, network congestion