 Sketch this image into your notebook  Write down what you think it is  Write a description of how it is structured When finished, take out your stapled lab report and put it on your desk. Bio 9D: Thursday, Title: Patterns in Nature: Biomimicry and the Respiratory System Silent Do Now (in NB w/ title and date)

 Homework: Read pages in (first half of section 37.3) In notebook, answer questions on back of Assign. Sheet (Notebooks collected tomorrow!)  Today’s Objective:  Identify patterns of different structures in nature in order to connect structures with functions.  Agenda:  Observation Exercise: Patterns in Nature  Clicker Review Questions Bio 9D: Thursday, Title: Patterns in Nature: Biomimicry and the Respiratory System

Rules for Observations Exercise  You will be drawing and writing in your notebook based on prompts on the slides  For each image, you will:  Silently draw and write (2 min)  Talk w/ a partner (1 min)  Listen and raise hand to participate in class discussion (2 min) (We will start at this step for Image 1, which you drew during the Do Now)

Image 1: What do you think this is? Describe its structure…

Image 2: Sketch it into your notebook. What do you think this is? Describe how it is structured.

Reflect on the First Two Images Why do you think these first two objects are structured or “designed” the way they are?

Images 3 and 4: What similarities do you notice between these two images? Why do you think these similarities exist? What do you think these things are (hint: they are not the same thing)?

X-ray image of a lung!Satellite image of a river delta!

Let’s look at some other patterns…

Why do trees have leaves?

Clicker Review Questions  Take out your clicker  Take out the Cell Membrane Review Q’s if you didn’t turn them in yesterday

1. If a cell can’t regulate the passage of water, food, and wastes in/out of the cell, which structure is defective? A. Cell Wall B. Chloroplasts C. Cell Membrane D. Endoplasmic reticulum

2. What is the function of active transport? A. Packaging proteins for export from the cell B. Distributing enzymes throughout the cytoplasm C. Moving substances against a concentration gradient D. Equalizing the concentration of water inside and outside the cell

3. Why would an animal cell swell up and burst when it is placed in pure water? A. Active transport B. Enzyme activity C. Osmosis D. Respiration

5. Which diagram best represents osmosis? A. B. C. D. A D C B

6. Which process is illustrated in the diagram? A. Active transport B. Diffusion C. Osmosis D. Passive filtration

Fastest Responders (in seconds) 4.13Owen Thurston 7.33Samantha Bergman 10.44Lorreno Pierre 19.78Warren Jackson 31.53Loveng Francois

Participant Scores 5Owen Thurston 5Samantha Bergman 5Davnys Policard 5Courtney Ertilien 4Lorreno Pierre

 Homework:  NONE - Enjoy the weekend  Silent Do Now: (in NB w/ title and date)  What is the function of the respiratory system?  How does this relate to cell respiration?  Today’s Objectives:  Describe the structures and functions of respiratory system organs, and explain how they relate to each other  Explain the processes of breathing and gas exchange Bio 9D: Friday, Title: Respiratory System: Structures & Functions Double Block

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM PHA Biology 9 Moretti and Dickson

Respiratory System: Structures and Functions Day 1 (1 st Half of Double Block) Complications of the Respiratory System Agenda

Purpose of the Respiratory System Objectives for Class:  Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function  Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system  Transport O 2 from the air into the bloodstream  Release CO 2 from the bloodstream into the air  Link to CELL RESPIRATION:  Cells need O 2 for cell respiration to make ATP  Cells release CO 2 as a waste product from cell resp.

How the Internal Organs Fit Together Image shows major digestive, respiratory, and circulatory system organs Front ViewBack View Images:

Structures of the Respiratory System Objectives for Class:  Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function  Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

Structures of the Respiratory System:  Mouth & Nose :  Air enters the body; gets moistened/filtered  Trachea (aka windpipe):  The main airway to the lungs. Objectives for Class:  Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function  Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

 Lungs:  Main organs of the respiratory system where gas exchange takes place.  Bronchi:  Tubes that branch off from trachea.  One major bronchi for each lung that branches into smaller and smaller “bronchioles” in the lung Structures of the Respiratory System: Major Bronchi Branching Objectives for Class:  Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function  Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system Smaller Bronchioles Branching in the lung

 Alveoli:  Tiny air sacs at the ends of the bronchioles where gas exchange takes place. Look like GRAPES!  Surrounded by a network of capillaries – tiny blood vessels that trade O 2 and CO 2 with alveoli Structures of the Respiratory System:

Objectives for Class:  Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function  Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

Respiratory System: Structures and Functions Day 1 (1 st Half of Double Block) Complications of the Respiratory System Agenda

Complications of the Respiratory System  6 Groups:  Smoking (use pg in book)  Pneumonia  Cystic Fibrosis  Bronchitis  Asbestos  Asthma

Complications of the Respiratory System  Task I - In Small Groups of 3 and 4: Research one complication of the respiratory system and be able to describe it to the other students in your group. In the “Diagram Box”, draw how your issue damages the respiratory system by modifying and annotating the diagram of the lung. In the “Information Box”, describe the characteristics of your issue, explain how it affects the structures of the respiratory system, and describe how it effects the function of the respiratory system (you can think of these as symptoms).  Task II - “Jigsaw” into groups with members from different groups: Each person shares the information from their issue As each person presents, all other group members should be comparing and contrasting that issue to their own.  Task III - Individually: Compare and contrast 2 of the respiratory system complications to determine their similarities and differences

Complications of the Respiratory System  Task I - In Small Groups of 3 and 4: (15 min) Research one complication of the respiratory system and be able to describe it to the other students in your group. In the “Diagram Box”, draw how your issue damages the respiratory system by modifying and annotating the diagram of the lung. In the “Information Box”, describe the characteristics of your issue, explain how it affects the structures of the respiratory system, and describe how it effects the function of the respiratory system (you can think of these as symptoms).

Groups for Resp. System Jigsaw Devon Owen Kayla Courtney Hannah Warren Rayoni Christine Jackson Joas Nicholas Carlheb Nekeyla Davnys Lorreno Miguel Marcelo Loveng Trae Samantha Dyani Front of Room

Complications of the Respiratory System  Task II - “Jigsaw” into groups with members from different groups: (25 Min) Each person shares the information from their issue As each person presents, all other group members should be comparing and contrasting that issue to their own.  Task III – Individually (15 Min) Compare and contrast 2 of the respiratory system complications to determine their similarities and differences

 Homework:  Study for tomorrow’s quiz by answering the questions on Study Guide (back of Assignment Sheet)  Silent Do Now: (in NB w/ title & date)  Write today’s title & date in your notebook  Get a balloon and, without stretching it, try to inflate it.  Observe what your body is doing to inflate the balloon.  Write down at least 3 observations in your notebook.  Today’s Objectives:  Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.  Explain how diffusion and concentrations create gas exchange in the lungs. Bio 9D: Monday, Title: Breathing & Gas Exchange

Balloon Exercise - Debrief Notes: Breathing and Gas Exchange Breath-Holding Exercise & Debrief Extra-Credit Opportunity! Teach class on Wednesday – Must do Tuesday night’s HW tonight Must meet w/ Dickson during lunch on Tuesday Agenda & Announcements Today’s Objectives:  Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.  Explain how diffusion and concentrations create gas exchange in the lungs.

Two Important Processes in the Respiratory System: (Don’t need to write this down – just a preview)  Breathing – controlled by the diaphragm  Gas exchange – happens in the alveoli Today’s Objectives:  Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.  Explain how diffusion and concentrations create gas exchange in the lungs.

Diaphragm: A large flat muscle that controls breathing Located at the bottom of the chest cavity Breathing Today’s Objectives:  Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.

The Process of Breathing Inhaling: 1. Diaphragm contracts & lowers 2. Volume of lungs increases (partial vacuum) 3. Air rushes in (through mouth/nose, trachea, bronchi, to alveoli) to fill the space Exhaling: 1. Diaphragm relaxes & bends upward 2. Volume of lungs decreases 3. Air is forced out ( from alveoli through bronchi, trachea, mouth/nose ) Today’s Objectives:  Explain how the diaphragm control the process of breathing.

Quick Activity – Holding Your Breath Objectives for Class:  Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function  Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system  Quick Activity – “Holding your Breath”: Hold your breath for as long as you can (on my start) While you are holding your breathe, observe what happens to your body the longer you try not to breathe. Record these observations in your notebook.  Debrief: What did you observe about your body as you tried to hold your breath?

The Process of Gas Exchange Alveoli (air sacs at ends of branches in lungs) Capillary (tiny blood vessel) Blood w/ little O 2 O2O2 CO 2 O 2 diffuses into blood in capillary CO 2 diffuses into alveoli Blood w/ lots of O 2

The Process of Gas Exchange  Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillaries (tiny blood vessels) and binds to red blood cells  Carbon dioxide diffuses from capillaries into alveoli Objectives for Class:  Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function  Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system Gas exchange – the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide across cell membranes  Happens in the alveoli of the lungs

The Process of Gas Exchange  Gas exchange in the lungs needs MAD surface area for enough O2 and CO2 to diffuse!  Lungs contain 1.3 million alveoli!!  The total surface of all the alveoli would cover half a tennis court!!