Title Take out some paper for notes: Answer this question. Analyze this map. What was North America like for the people living here before the “discovery” of America by Columbus in 1492? Be very thorough.

Europeans Establish Colonies How and why did Europeans establish colonies in the Americas?

Before the arrival of Europeans, North America was dominated by diverse Indian groups In the East, Indians like the Iroquois, Powhatans, & Cherokee were settled into farming villages Cherokee farming villageIroquois farmers

Before the arrival of Europeans, North America was dominated by diverse Indian groups The “jump-kill” technique drove buffalo off cliffs In the central plains, Indians like the Sioux & Cheyenne hunted buffalo using mass- hunting techniques

Before the arrival of Europeans, North America was dominated by diverse Indian groups The Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan In central America, the Aztecs formed a powerful empire & dominated surrounding Indians

During the Renaissance period in Europe came the Age of Exploration European explorers found new trade routes & formed overseas colonies Christopher Columbus’ “discovery” of America in 1492 transformed the future of American Indians & Europeans

Types of Colonies 1. Proprietary Colonies: 1. Proprietary Colonies: individuals or groups granted land by Great Britain. Settlers had the power to appoint the governor and certain members of legislature. 1.More power for the people 2.Typically run by businesses, economic investors 2. Royal colonies: 2. Royal colonies: Britain directly ruled these colonies. The British Parliament appointed the governor and upper house of the legislature, which usually followed the wishes of the King. The people of the colonies elected the lower house. 1.Less power for the people 2.Run by the royal crown

What is driving these nations to expand their empires into the Americas? What do they want?

An economic policy meaning a nation or empire could build wealth and power by developing its industries and exporting manufactured goods in exchange for gold and silver MONEY IS POWER!!!!

Mercantilism… 1.Colony… 2.Favorable balance of trade… 3.Joint Stock Company group of investors who fund the trip and split profits (proprietary) He does all the work, we get all the profits!

Three great explorers are setting out across the Atlantic. Read their mission statements and decide with whom you will get in the boat. Remember… the idea is to sail with the man that will get you the most bullion!

Pip Pip! Are you tired of the shortage of land? Have you been in debt and King James is threatening you with prison? Join me in my search for a land where every man shall haveth a golden chamber pot and every child shall have a cape of rubies. Your pantaloons shall overflowith with gold. God himself hath chosen this place for man’s habitation. Cheerio! John Smith

Úname! Are you feeling old, tired, weary… maybe even down trodden. Join me as we search for the fountain of youth. With your rejuvenated spirit, you will have plenty of energy to convert the barbarians beyond the seas. With a healthy lifestyle, we shall also have a healthy pocket book. You will be able to give your children and your children’s children golden fleece diapers. Adios! Ponce de Leon

Bon jour mon petit chou! Do you desire glory and your name in bright lights? Join me in my search for the northwest passage. That ship which uncovers the secret shall control the spices of the east. Viva la France! Samuel de Champlain

Pick a Captain! John Smith Great Britain Ponce de Leon Spain Samuel de Champlain France

Based on what you found, was this a successful trip?

Based on what you found, was this a successful trip?

Based on what you found, was this a successful trip?

 Which resources would most likely be most profitable in the long run?  Why?

Colonization of The New World

The Spanish Empire in the Americas: 16 th – 17 th century  1492…  Conquistadores conquered a lot of territory, not effective at running the colonies  Forced slave labor, Christianity and Spanish ways, killed any in their way  Racial hierarchy, intermarrying with natives, disease plagues natives  Pueblo Indians revolt (1680)and retaliate against Spanish rule and weaken the empire… language and religion remain! Popé, united Pueblos and their historic enemy the Apaches to fight back!

Let’s read about French colonization in North America! 1.What are their economic goals? 2.Why is the St. Lawrence River so important? 3.Describe the relationship the French had with the Natives and why? 4.How is this relationship different from the British (HW) and why?

French Settlement in Americas  Spain’s wealth and power from the Americas caused other nations to seek their own colonies  Originally looking for a water route to Asia  Northwest Passage  Settle along the St. Lawrence River ( Quebec 1608 ): good for fishing, hunting for furry animals ($$$ expensive back in Europe!) easy to defend from a hill, accessible to merchant ships  Had relationships with natives to help them hunt >>> trade Northwest Passage: still fought over today!!

French Settlement in Americas  Less settlers due to harsher conditions  French and Indians mutually benefitted from each other  French settlers in Quebec helped local natives fight their enemy Iroquois  Iroquois retaliate, with help from the Dutch  Headed south on Mississippi River  Claimed Louisiana territory, worked with Indians to confine the British between the coast and river

 Why did the French originally explore what is now Canada?  Why did they settle in Quebec?  What resources were important to the colonizers?  How did French colonization differ from other colonization?

Let’s read about DUTCH colonization in North America! 1.What do the Dutch and French have in common economically? 2.Where did the Dutch settle? What was their trading center? 3.Did traditional Dutch culture support colonization? Why? 4.Why did New York replace New Amsterdam? 5.Compare and contrast the relationship with the natives to the French and British (HW) and why?

PICK A COLONY! It is1607 – 13 years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock in Massachusetts. You are part of a group of investors started by King James I to support and expand the British empire. You are with 105 other passengers on the The Susan Constant, and left 12 weeks ago to head to the New World. You have experienced sickness, hunger, exhaustion, and witnessed the burial of too many at sea. But you have hope…desire…for a new life, in a new place, a place where you will be POWERFUL. Alas! You are now anchored at a very unfamiliar location and a landing party has come back with a map with possible settlement locations. You set off with your group in hopes that your spot is the chosen settlement. Explore the positives (and negatives) of your location and come up with a persuasive pitch to give the other settlers to convince them why your spot, this previously unknown spot is the new location of the 1 st successful British colony…and your home.