1. WWII IN EUROPE Allies vs Axis Powers Principles we fought for Big 3 and Military leaders Strategy: –Get Hitler First –Stalin’s 2nd Front –Unconditional surrender Turning point battles to 1945 –Invasion of North Africa –El Alamein –Stalingrad –Invasion of Sicily and Italy –D-Day invasion----June 6, 1944 Battle of the Bulge –Yalta Conference----Feb Three world leaders die in April of 1945 WWII ends in Europe with the Battle for Berlin Germany surrenders, May 2, 1945 –Victory in Europe or VE Day---

posters

ArgentinaIranBulgaria* Australia*IraqGermany* Belgium*LebanonHungary* BoliviaLiberiaItaly* Brazil*Luxembourg*Japan* Canada*Mexico*Romania* ChileNetherlands*Thailand China*New Zealand* ColombiaNicaragua Costa RicaNorway* CubaPanama Czechoslovakia*Paraguay Denmark*Peru Dominican RepublicPoland* EcuadorRussia (USSR)* EgyptSan Marino El SalvadorSaudi Arabia Ethiopia*South Africa* France*Syria Great Britain*Turkey Greece* United States* GuatemalaUruguay HaitiVenezuela HondurasYugoslavia* India Allies vs Axis *Axis nations which provided military forces *Big 3 Countries *Allied Nations or United Nations which provided military forces

United Nations United NationsAllied Powers became the United Nations. Germans surrender to the United Nations to end the war in Europe

WWII POLITICAL ALLIESAXIS THE BIG THREE WINSTON CHURCHILL—Great Britain FDR---U.S. JOSEPH STALIN---Soviet Union BENITO MUSSOLINI ADOLF HITLER HIDEKI TOJO

Big 3 Big Three Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin FDR Big Three “shaky” Relationship between the Big Three was “shaky” to say the least….. “The enemy of my enemy, is my friend” “The enemy of my enemy, is my friend”

“2nd Front” Stalin upset with the FDR and Churchill because they took their time establishing a “2nd Front” in Western Europe while Russian soldiers were being massacred by the Germans………... Big 3

Date PlaceParticipantsDecisions Dec to Jan June 1942 Washington Conference 1 st 2 nd FDR Winston Churchill Big 2 War Production, shipping, aid for China, diversion of German strength from Eastern Front and a North African invasion. Jan Casablanca Conference FDR Winston Churchill Big 2 Plans for invasion of Sicily and to step up Pacific War…D-day invasion in 1944 onto French coast. Unconditional Surrender of Germany Nov Teheran Conference FDR Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Big 3 1 st time “Big 3” meet. Stalin demands 2 nd front onto French coast…. Date of D-day invasion decided… General Eisenhower appointed as commander of Allies

General Dwight Eisenhower4 Star, US General Dwight Eisenhower Graduate of West Point Commanded Allied invasion on North Africa in 1942 D-Day.Named Supreme Allied Commander and in charge of D-Day. WWII Military Leaders

General George PattonGeneral George Patton Graduate of West Point Tank commander and commander of the 7 th Army Germans feared Patton “ole blood and guts”“ole blood and guts” WWII Military Leaders

General Bernard MontgomeryGeneral Bernard Montgomery British commanding officer Defeated Rommel at El Alamein Patton and Montgomery did not like one another WWII Military Leaders

German General Erwin Rommel German tank commander “Desert Fox” known as the “Desert Fox” Implicated in attempt to kill Hitler and would be forced to commit suicide. WWII Military Leaders

General Douglas MacArthur WWII Military Leaders West Point Graduate Commanding general of troops in the Philippines Forced off the Philippines in “I shall return” 1944, Battle of Leyete Gulf---- “I have returned to re-take the Philippines”. Supreme Allied Commander in the South Pacific

Map 16 of 45 Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Map 17 of 45 Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. World War II—Europe and North Africa with Axis, Allied & Neutral Positions in Africa December 1941

soft underbelly” Attack Hitler’s “soft underbelly”

Stalin’s 2 nd front

soft underbelly” Attack Hitler’s “soft underbelly” TURNING POINT BATTLES1942 Allied invasion of North Africa El Alamein

The North Africa Campaign: The Battle of El Alamein, 1942 The North Africa Campaign: The Battle of El Alamein, 1942 Gen. Ernst Rommel, The “Desert Fox” Gen. Bernard Law Montgomery (“Monty”) ‏

soft underbelly” Attack Hitler’s “soft underbelly” TURNING POINT BATTLES1942 Allied invasion of North Africa El Alamein 1943 Battle of Stalingrad.

Battle of Stalingrad: Winter of ,115 planes1,216 planes 894 tanks675 tanks 13,541 artillery guns10,290 artillery guns 1,000,500 men1,011,500 men Russian ArmyGerman Army  Stalin orders his troops to the “scorched earth policy”  Germans are surrounded at Stalingrad and supply lines are cut by the Russians. Germans surrender to Soviets.

soft underbelly” Attack Hitler’s “soft underbelly” TURNING POINT BATTLES1942 Allied invasion of North Africa El Alamein 1943 Battle of Stalingrad. Allied invasion of Sicily

The Italian Campaign [“Operation Torch”]: Europe’s “Soft Underbelly” The Italian Campaign [“Operation Torch”] : Europe’s “Soft Underbelly”  Allies plan assault on weakest Axis area - North Africa - Nov May 1943  George S. Patton leads American troops  Germans trapped in Tunisia - surrender over 275,000 troops.

The Battle for Sicily: June, 1943 The Battle for Sicily: June, 1943 General George S. Patton

The Allies Liberate Rome: June 5, 1944

United Nations United NationsAllied Powers became the United Nations. Germans surrender to the United Nations to end the war in Europe