1 Passport Science Space Unit – Part 2 of 3 PowerPoints (Textbook reference Chapters 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16)

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Presentation transcript:

1 Passport Science Space Unit – Part 2 of 3 PowerPoints (Textbook reference Chapters 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16)

The Sun (Textbook reference 14-2 The sun is an ordinary star. The sun is the biggest, brightest, and hottest object in the solar system. Its energy is the result of the fusion of hydrogen nuclei into helium nuclei. The sun is made of about 70% hydrogen and 28% helium.

Source: The British Astronomical Association Our Sun is a star that has already spent about 5 billion years on the main sequence. Scientist believe our Sun is roughly halfway through it's life.

4 Characteristics of the Sun Interior: Core, Radiation Zone, Convection Zone Exterior: Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona Features: Sunspots, Prominences, Solar Flares Central star in our solar system around which planets revolve Composed of gases (H 2 and He) burning at 15,000,000 o C

5 The Sun: Seasons (Textbook Reference 12-1) Seasons: Solstices sun directly overhead two times a year (June 21 and December 21) June=longest day, December=shortest day Equinoxes halfway between solstices neither hemisphere is tilted toward the sun daylight and darkness=equal

6 What causes the seasons? ° tilt of Earth’s axis 2.Direct vs. indirect sun rays 3.Length of daylight

7 Winter Fall Summer Spring Sun In one year the earth revolves around the sun one time. For every time Earth rotates on it’s axis, one day passes. In one year the earth rotates on its axis one 365 times. Which season is it when the south end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun?

Stars are the source of light for all objects in outer space Earth’s Moon

9 Phases of the Moon (Textbook reference 12-3) waxing = increasing waning = decreasing gibbous = > ½ crescent = < ½

10 Lunar Phases New Moon New Waxing Crescent First QuarterWaxing Gibbous Full Waxing Crescent First Quarter Waxing Gibbous Full Moon

11 Lunar Phases Full Moon Waning Gibbous Last Quarter Waning Crescent New Moon FullWaning GibbousLast QuarterWaning CrescentNew

12 Rotate vs. Revolve Rotation – spin of an object on its axis Revolution – orbit of an object around another object

13 Moon’s Orbit and Phases

14 Why does one side of the moon always face us? Moon rotates once every 27.3 days Moon revolves once every 29.5 days Moon’s rotation approximately equal to its revolution

15 Eclipses 1.Lunar Eclipse 2.Solar Eclipse 3.Total Eclipse

16

17

18 A total eclipse of the sun occurs during the day! Only the corona is visible.

19 Tides Effect of gravity between the moon and the sun

20 Spring Tides When the sun, the moon, and the Earth are all aligned in a 180 o angle

21 Neap Tide When the sun, the moon, and the Earth form a 90° angle

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